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arXiv 2606.09365cs.AIcs.CL

经验造就熟练:通过自进化技能记忆实现可泛化的医疗智能体推理

Experience Makes Skillful: Enabling Generalizable Medical Agent Reasoning via Self-Evolving Skill Memory

Fudan University(复旦大学);Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory(上海人工智能实验室);Shanghai Innovation Institute(上海创新研究院);Huazhong University of Science and Technology(华中科技大学)

Haoran Sun, Wenjie Li, Yujie Zhang, Zekai Lin, Fanrui Zhang, Kaitao Chen, Xingqi He, Yichen Li, Mianxin Liu, Lei Liu, Yankai Jiang

AI总结:

提出SkeMex框架,通过技能记忆实现医疗智能体后部署自进化,无需更新模型权重,在临床任务中优于现有记忆型智能体。

摘要:

医疗智能体系统越来越期望支持交互式临床决策,而不仅仅是静态问答。在这种设置中,有效的智能体必须跨演化病例重用先前经验,然而现有的记忆机制通常保留原始历史轨迹,这些轨迹冗余、嘈杂且难以管理。更重要的是,它们很少区分哪些记忆对未来推理真正有用。这限制了它们积累紧凑且可靠的经验以进行长期临床推理的能力。为弥补这一差距,我们提出SkeMex,一种部署后自进化框架,通过基于技能的记忆改进医疗智能体,无需更新模型权重。SkeMex将信息丰富的交互轨迹提炼为结构化技能,编码可重用的程序性知识,并将其组织成涵盖通用、任务特定和行动级经验的多分支存储库。为确定哪些记忆应被重用和保留,SkeMex从环境反馈中估计上下文相关的效用,并用其指导价值感知的检索和存储库治理。闭环的“读-写-评估-治理”生命周期通过写入新技能、更新效用、促进有用记忆和移除有害条目进一步支持持续进化。跨不同临床任务的实验表明,SkeMex在离线和在线设置中均持续优于代表性记忆型智能体。它还能跨模型骨干泛化并支持可迁移的技能记忆。所有数据和代码将公开发布。

英文摘要:

Medical agent systems are increasingly expected to support interactive clinical decision making rather than only static question answering. In such settings, effective agents must reuse prior experience across evolving cases, yet existing memory mechanisms often retain raw historical traces that are redundant, noisy, and difficult to govern. More importantly, they rarely distinguish which memories are truly useful for future reasoning. This limits their ability to accumulate compact and reliable experience for long-horizon clinical reasoning. To close this gap, we propose SkeMex, a post-deployment self-evolution framework that improves medical agents through a skill-based memory without updating model weights. SkeMex distills informative interaction trajectories into structured skills that encode reusable procedural knowledge, and organizes them into a multi-branch repository spanning general, task-specific, and action-level experience. To determine which memories should be reused and retained, SkeMex estimates context-dependent utility from environment feedback and uses it to guide value-aware retrieval and repository governance. A closed-loop ``Read--Write--Assess--Govern" lifecycle further supports continual evolution by writing new skills, updating utilities, promoting useful memories, and removing harmful entries. Experiments across diverse clinical tasks show that SkeMex consistently outperforms representative memory-based agents in both offline and online settings. It also generalizes across model backbones and supports transferable skill memory. All data and code will be released publicly.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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