arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2606.06366cs.RO
收藏

航点至关重要:基于采样的轨迹规划的系统研究

Waypoints Matter: A Systematic Study for Sampling-Based Trajectory Planning

AUTOPIA Program at the Centre for Automation and Robotics, CSIC-Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(自动化与机器人中心,CSIC-马德里理工大学)

Josep M. Barbera, Antonio Artuñedo, Jorge Villagra

AI总结:

本文系统研究了航点放置策略(均匀间隔、RDP*变体、曲率条件分配)对采样轨迹规划器性能的影响,发现标称航点间距是主要性能驱动因素,均匀采样在适当间距下表现最佳。

摘要:

实时自动驾驶通常依赖于基于采样的轨迹规划器,该规划器将候选轨迹与沿道路中心线的目标航点连接起来。这些航点的放置直接影响可行轨迹的存在性和质量。然而,其对规划器性能的影响在很大程度上尚未被探索。在本文中,我们将航点放置视为一等设计变量。我们固定轨迹基元和候选预算,系统地扫描三种放置策略(均匀间隔、增强的Ramer-Douglas-Peucker变体(RDP*)和一种新颖的曲率条件分配),跨越449种配置和五个几何复杂度递增的CommonRoad地图。我们的结果表明,标称航点间距$d_s$是主要的性能驱动因素,仅由放置引起的规划器可靠性差异很大。在调整良好的间距下进行均匀采样,其表现匹配或超过RDP*和中心曲率变体。曲率变体在几何复杂道路上,在可靠性优先和平衡加权下提供了微小但一致的优势,而RDP*从未优于均匀采样。这些发现表明,$d_s$应被视为主要的调优参数,而几何感知策略应保留给曲率丰富的走廊,其中可行性是限制因素。

英文摘要:

Real-time autonomous driving commonly relies on sampling-based trajectory planners that link candidate trajectories to target waypoints along the road centerline. The placement of these waypoints directly impacts both the existence and quality of feasible trajectories. Yet, its effect on planner performance remains largely unexplored. In this paper, we treat waypoint placement as a first-class design variable. We hold the trajectory primitive and candidate budget fixed, and systematically sweep three placement strategies (uniform spacing, an augmented Ramer-Douglas-Peucker variant (RDP*), and a novel curvature-conditioned allocation) across 449 configurations and five CommonRoad maps of increasing geometric complexity. Our results show that the nominal inter-waypoint spacing $d_s$ is the primary performance driver, with large differences in planner reliability attributed to placement alone. Uniform sampling at a well-tuned spacing matches or surpasses both RDP* and the centered curvature variant. The curvature variant offers a small but consistent advantage on geometrically complex roads under reliability-first and balanced weightings, while RDP* never outperforms uniform sampling. These findings suggest that $d_s$ should be treated as the dominant tuning parameter, with geometry-aware strategies reserved for curvature-rich corridors where feasibility is the limiting factor.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑