Speech Large Language Models (SLLMs) underperform their text counterparts on complex reasoning. We reveal that this gap is not a uniform cognitive deficit. Evaluating two architecturally diverse SLLMs, we show speech-to-text (S2T) matches or exceeds text-to-text (T2T) on spatial, syntactic, and factual tasks. Yet on logical tasks requiring entity tracking, S2T accuracy collapses to chance. We diagnose this as an entity binding failure: continuous speech features blur precise entity-property associations during implicit reasoning. To validate this diagnosis, we introduce Entity-Aware Chain-of-Thought (EA-CoT), a lightweight inference-time intervention forcing SLLMs to enumerate entities and bind them to claims before reasoning. EA-CoT bridges the gap, even when spoken names are misrecognized, yielding up to a 24.4 percentage-point accuracy gain. Ablations confirm the gains stem from explicit semantic binding, reframing the gap as an elicitation failure rather than a missing capability.
Cognitive Policy-Driven LLM for Diagnosis and Intervention of Cognitive Distortions in Emotional Support Conversation
Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China（哈尔滨工业大学（深圳））；City University of Macau, Macao SAR, China（澳门城市大学）；Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China（鹏城实验室）
Consistency-Aware Editing for Entity-level Unlearning in Language Models
Shanxi University, China（山西大学）；Cardiff University, UK（卡地夫大学）；Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore（新加坡科技设计大学）；ILCC, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK（爱丁堡大学信息学院ILCC）
A Specialized Large Language Model for Clinical Reasoning and Diagnosis in Rare Diseases
Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University（广州医科大学附属广州市妇女儿童医疗中心）；Tianjin Medical University（天津医科大学）；Guangzhou National Laboratory（广州国家实验室）；Children's Hospital of Fudan University（复旦大学附属儿童医院）
What Am I Missing? Question-Answering as Hidden State Probing
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Ingenuity Labs, Queen’s University（电子与计算机工程系及Ingenuity实验室，女王大学）；Conflict Analytics Lab, Queen’s University（冲突分析实验室，女王大学）；Cornell Law School（康奈尔法学院）；Vector Institute for AI（人工智能向量研究所）
An Agentic System for Rare Disease Diagnosis with Traceable Reasoning
Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交通大学）；Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory（上海人工智能实验室）；Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine（上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院）；Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research（上海市儿科医学研究所）；Harvard Medical School（哈佛医学院）；The Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine（湘雅医学院附属儿童医院）
A Natural Language Processing Pipeline of Chinese Free-text Radiology Reports for Liver Cancer Diagnosis
School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University（首都医科大学生物医学工程学院）；Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University（首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院）；Tsinghua University（清华大学）
Tell Me Why: Designing an Explainable LLM-based Dialogue System for Student Problem Behavior Diagnosis
School of Educational Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China（北京师范大学教育技术学院）；Advanced Innovation Center for Future Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China（北京师范大学未来教育创新中心）；Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China（香港大学教育学院）
