利用结构无序增强拓扑相
Leveraging structural disorder to enhance topological phases
AI总结：
通过数值模拟发现，在二维中惩罚原子近邻的结构无序可增强拓扑相，但在三维中结构无序普遍有害，并利用基于时间反演对称算符的谱局域化方法克服了自旋参考系无序对拓扑标记的干扰。
摘要：
在位无序可以诱导从平庸绝缘体到拓扑绝缘体的转变。然而，在没有在位无序的情况下，结构无序是否有助于类似的转变，以及哪种结构无序更有利，尚不清楚。我们数值表明，在二维中，如果惩罚原子位点彼此靠近，结构无序可以增强并维持拓扑相直到强无序。然而，我们发现这种效应在三维中不存在，其中结构无序通常对该相有害。在我们的计算中，我们包含了可以扰乱全局自旋参考系的无序，这是一种在强无序固体中预期存在的被忽视的无序类型。这种无序致命地扰乱了自旋-Bott和自旋-Chern标记正确诊断拓扑相所需的信息。通过使用谱局域化，一种直接使用时间反演对称算符而非自旋投影定义的局部标记，我们展示了如何规避这一限制，为计算Z2不变量提供了基无关的理论。我们的工作表明，并非所有结构无序对拓扑同样有利，并突出了在固态和超材料实现中增强和检测拓扑相的指导原则。
英文摘要：
On-site disorder can be leveraged to induce a transition from a trivial to a topological insulator. However it is unclear if structural disorder in the absence of on-site disorder can aid a similar transition and, if so, which kind of structural disorder is more favourable. We numerically show that structural disorder can enhance and sustain a topological phase up to strong disorder in two dimensions provided that one penalises atomic sites from being close to one another. However, we find this effect is absent in three dimensions, where structural disorder appears generically detrimental to the phase. In our calculations we include disorder that can scramble the global spin-reference frame, an overlooked type of disorder expected to exist in strongly disordered solids. This disorder fatally scrambles the information necessary for the spin-Bott and the spin-Chern marker to correctly diagnose a topological phase. By using the spectral localizer, a local marker directly defined using the time-reversal symmetry operator rather than a spin-projection, we show how one can circumvent this limitation, providing a basis-indifferent theory for calculating Z2 invariants. Our work showcases that not all structural disorders are equally beneficial to topology, and highlights guiding principles to enhance and detect topological phases in both solid-state and metamaterial realisations.
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