由极端光学限制驱动的热双激子
Hot biexcitons driven by extreme optical confinement
AI总结：
通过创建极端光学限制，在不稳定的双层硫化钨中观测到四体热双激子，揭示了拓扑BIC与轨道角动量 confinement 的作用，实现了室温下双激子的高效产生。
摘要：
研究多体相互作用以理解凝聚态物质，如二维材料，是理解复杂非孤立系统的有效方法。然而，实验观测高阶多体相互作用极具挑战，因为其依赖于低阶复体的丰度。本文报道了通过在双层硫化钨中创建极端光学限制，观测到四体热双激子。具体来说，将非辐射束缚态在连续体（BIC）整合到光子晶体缺陷腔中，形成准三维（q-3D）但开放的光子限制。在双向和物理空间中高度限制的光子高效激发略高于间接带隙的内禀无产两体热激子，从而形成被压倒的四体热双激子。值得注意的是，这些热双激子在室温下表现出显著的谷极化和相干性，这归因于BIC的拓扑性质和相关的q-3D限制与轨道角动量。除了实现室温双激子外，q-3D限制对更高阶相互作用如三激子以及许多其他多体现象，包括玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚，都有潜在价值。
英文摘要：
A powerful means to understanding condensed matter that possesses a multi-constituent, non-isolated, and complex nature, with a preeminent example being two-dimensional (2D) materials, is studying many-body interactions. However, experimentally observing high-order many-body interactions is a daunting task due to its heavy reliance on the abundance of low-order complexes. Here, we report the observation of four-body hot biexcitons in an energetically unfavorable bilayer of tungsten disulfide (WS2) through creating extreme optical confinement. Specifically, we integrate a non-radiative bound state in the continuum (BIC) into a photonic crystal (PhC) defect cavity, forming a quasi-three-dimensional (q-3D) but open confinement for photons at the driving frequency. The extremely confined photons in both reciprocal and physical spaces then excite inherently unproductive two-body hot excitons situated slightly above the indirect bandgap so efficiently that they form overwhelmed higher-order four-body hot biexcitons. Distinctively, these hot biexcitons exhibit substantial valley polarization and coherence at room temperature, which we attribute to the topological nature of BICs and the associated q-3D confinement with an orbital angular momentum. Besides achieving room-temperature biexcitons, the q-3D confinement could be valuable for higher-order interactions, such as triexcitons, and many other many-body phenomena, including Bose-Einstein condensation.
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