Emergent Kinetic Constraints and Subspace Fragmentation in Rydberg Arrays
University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学量子信息实验室）；Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Network, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学安徽省量子网络重点实验室）；CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics（中国科学院量子信息与量子物理卓越创新中心）；Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学合肥国家实验室）
In a strongly interacting Rydberg atom array, the dynamics are often constrained to the decoupled Hilbert subspaces, representing an intriguing paradigm for nonergodicity. By considering a variable detuning of the global Rydberg coupling, we show that, not only is the existence of these Hilbert subspaces dependent on the interplay of detuning and interaction, but they are also strongly fragmented, with the fragment dimensions exhibiting various scaling behaviors with increasing system size. The resulting constrained dynamics of the system are thus governed by the dimension and connectivity of these fragments. We then adopt an auxiliary fermion description to reveal the underlying emergent kinetic constraints for the subspace fragmentation and fragment-confined dynamics. Our results provide a systematic understanding of Hilbert-space fragmentation in Rydberg arrays, and shed light on engineering nonergodic many-body dynamics beyond the PXP model.
Strongly interacting arrays of Rydberg atoms provide versatile platforms for exploring exotic many-body phases and dynamics of correlated quantum systems. Motivated by recent experimental advances, we show that the combination of Rydberg interactions and appropriate lattice geometries naturally leads to emergent $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge theories endowed with matter fields. Based on this mapping, we describe how Rydberg platforms could realize two distinct classes of topological $\mathbb{Z}_2$ quantum spin liquids, which differ in their patterns of translational symmetry fractionalization. We also …
Rydberg atoms in optical tweezer arrays provide a playground for nonequilibrium quantum many-body physics. The PXP model describes the dynamics of such systems in the strongly interacting Rydberg blockade regime and notably exhibits weakly nonergodic dynamics due to quantum many-body scars. Here, we study the PXP model in a strong staggered external field, which has been proposed to manifest quasiparticle confinement in light of a mapping to a lattice gauge theory. We characterize this confining regime using both numerical exact diagonalization and perturbation theory around the strong-field l…
We explore the relaxation dynamics of elementary spin clusters of a kinetically constrained spin system. Inspired by experiments with Rydberg lattice gases, we focus on the situation in which an excited spin leads to a "facilitated" excitation of a neighboring spin. We show that even weak interactions that extend beyond nearest neighbors can have a dramatic impact on the relaxation behavior: they generate a linear potential, which under certain conditions leads to the onset of Bloch oscillations of spin clusters. These hinder the expansion of a cluster and more generally the relaxation of many…
Order-by-disorder and emergent Kosterlitz-Thouless phase in triangular Rydberg array
Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院物理研究所）；School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学物理科学学院）；Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学理论科学研究所）
Arrays of Rydberg atoms constitute a highly tunable, strongly interacting venue for the pursuit of exotic states of matter. We develop a new strategy for accessing a family of fractionalized phases known as quantum spin liquids in two-dimensional Rydberg arrays. We specifically use effective field theory methods to study arrays assembled from Rydberg chains tuned to an Ising phase transition that famously hosts emergent fermions propagating within each chain. This highly entangled starting point allows us to naturally access spin liquids familiar from Kitaev's honeycomb model, albeit from an e…
Distinct many-body scars and emergent quantum phases driven by competing interactions in two-species Rydberg arrays
School of Physics, Beihang University（北京航空航天大学物理学院）；CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院理论物理研究所理论物理重点实验室）；Peng Huanwu Collaborative Center for Research and Education, Beihang University（北京航空航天大学彭桓武研究中心）；State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院武汉物理与数学研究所磁共振与原子分子物理国家重点实验室）；School of Physical Sciences, Great Bay University（大湾区大学物理科学学院）；Great Bay Institute for Advanced Study（大湾区高等研究院）
The devil's staircase is a fractal structure that characterizes the ground state of one-dimensional classical lattice gases with long-range repulsive convex interactions. Its plateaus mark regions of stability for specific filling fractions which are controlled by a chemical potential. Typically such staircase has an explicit particle-hole symmetry, i.e., the staircase at more than half-filling can be trivially extracted from the one at less than half filling by exchanging the roles of holes and particles. Here we introduce a quantum spin chain with competing short-range attractive and long-ra…
The emergent phases of strongly correlated spin-1/2 Fermi gases of Rydberg dressed atoms in a one dimensional optical lattice are theoretically investigated. At weak coupling a bosonization description is used to demonstrate the ability to drive alternating quantum phase transitions between distinct Luttinger liquids. At strong coupling the ground state develops non-trivial phase separation exhibiting Luttinger liquid ''puddles'' separated by magnetic domain walls due to the interplay of the incommensurate filling and the Rydberg core length scale. These phases can be detected in ultracold gas…
Meson spectroscopy of exotic symmetries of Ising criticality in Rydberg atom arrays
PASQAL SAS（帕斯卡尔公司）；Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑工业大学）；Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST)（慕尼黑量子科学与技术中心）；Imperial College London（伦敦帝国理工学院）
Statistical Localization in a Rydberg Simulator of $U(1)$ Lattice Gauge Theory
Centre for Quantum Technologies and Department of Physics, National University of Singapore（新加坡国立大学量子技术中心与物理系）；Department of Physics, Stanford University（斯坦福大学物理系）；Duke Quantum Center, Duke University（杜克大学杜克量子中心）；Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University（杜克大学电气与计算机工程系）；Department of Physics, Duke University（杜克大学物理系）
We investigate emergent quantum dynamics of the tilted Ising chain in the regime of a weak transverse field. Within the leading order perturbation theory, the Hilbert space is fragmented into exponentially many decoupled sectors. We find that the sector made of isolated magnons is integrable with dynamics being governed by a constrained version of the XXZ spin Hamiltonian. As a consequence, when initiated in this sector, the Ising chain exhibits ballistic transport on unexpectedly long times scales. We quantitatively describe its rich phenomenology employing exact integrable techniques such as…
Double Supersolid Phase in a Bosonic t-J-V Model with Rydberg Atoms
Fudan University（复旦大学）；Shanghai Qizhi Institute and Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory（上海启智研究所与上海人工智能实验室）；Hefei National Laboratory（合肥国家实验室）；Westlake University（西湖大学）；Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study（西湖高等研究院自然科学院）；Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences（上海量子科学研究中心）
Controlling non-equilibrium quantum dynamics in many-body systems is an outstanding challenge as interactions typically lead to thermalization and a chaotic spreading throughout Hilbert space. We experimentally investigate non-equilibrium dynamics following rapid quenches in a many-body system composed of 3 to 200 strongly interacting qubits in one and two spatial dimensions. Using a programmable quantum simulator based on Rydberg atom arrays, we probe coherent revivals corresponding to quantum many-body scars. Remarkably, we discover that scar revivals can be stabilized by periodic driving, w…
Simulating neural network criticality and resource dynamics with Rydberg gases
RPTU University Kaiserslautern-Landau（莱茵兰-普法尔茨技术大学凯泽斯劳滕-兰道分校）；State Research Center OPTIMAS（OPTIMAS州立研究中心）；Max Planck Graduate Center with Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (MPGC)（美因茨约翰内斯·古腾堡大学马克斯·普朗克研究生院）
We consider the dynamics of two-dimensional interacting ultracold bosons triggered by suddenly switching on an artificial gauge field. The system is initialized in the ground state of a harmonic trapping potential. As a function of the strength of the applied artificial gauge, we analyze the emergent dynamics by monitoring the angular momentum, the fragmentation as well the entropy and variance of the entropy of absorption or single-shot images. We solve the underlying time-dependent many-boson Schrödinger equation using the multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree method for indistinguisha…
Measuring spectral functions of doped magnets with Rydberg tweezer arrays
Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry（巴黎萨克雷大学，高等光学学院，法国国家科学研究中心，夏尔·法布里实验室）；Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zurich（苏黎世联邦理工学院理论物理研究所）；JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder（科罗拉多大学博尔德分校JILA联合研究所和物理系）；Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder（科罗拉多大学博尔德分校量子物质理论中心）；Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), Universidad de Oviedo (UO)（阿斯图里亚斯公国奥维耶多大学（UO）材料纳米技术研究中心（CINN-CSIC））
Deconfined quantum criticality on a triangular Rydberg array
University of Innsbruck（因斯布鲁克大学）；Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences（奥地利科学院量子光学和量子信息研究所）；Harvard University（哈佛大学）；Instituto de Física Teórica UAM-CSIC（UAM-CSIC理论物理研究所）
We study chaos and hyperchaos of Rydberg-dressed Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in a one-dimensional optical lattice. Due to the long-range soft-core interaction between the dressed atoms, the dynamics of the BECs are described by the extended Bose-Hubbard model. In the mean-field regime, we analyze the dynamical stability of the BEC by focusing on the groundstate and localized state configuration. Lyapunov exponents of the two configurations are calculated by varying the soft-core interaction strength, potential bias and length of the lattice. Both configurations can have multiple positive …
Quantum criticality and nonequilibrium dynamics on a Lieb lattice of Rydberg atoms
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory（劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室）；University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign（伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校）；University of Toronto（多伦多大学）；QuEra Computing Inc.（QuEra计算公司）；Princeton University（普林斯顿大学）
Discrete time crystals enabled by Floquet strong Hilbert space fragmentation
Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (Guangdong)（粤港澳大湾区量子科学中心（广东））；Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong（香港城市大学物理系）；South China Normal University（华南师范大学）
Recurrent neural network wave functions for Rydberg atom arrays on kagome lattice
Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo（应用数学系，滑铁卢大学）；Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics（理论物理研究所）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo（物理与天文学系，滑铁卢大学）；Vector Institute（向量研究所）；AWS Center for Quantum Computing（AWS量子计算中心）；Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zürich（理论物理研究所，苏黎世联邦理工学院）
Whether it be physical, biological or social processes, complex systems exhibit dynamics that are exceedingly difficult to understand or predict from underlying principles. Here we report a striking correspondence between the collective excitation dynamics of a laser driven ultracold gas of Rydberg atoms and the spreading of diseases, which in turn opens up a highly controllable experimental platform for studying non-equilibrium dynamics on complex networks. We find that the competition between facilitated excitation and spontaneous decay results in a fast growth of the number of excitations t…
Quantum many-body dynamics for fermionic t-J model simulated with atom arrays
International Center for Quantum Materials and School of Physics, Peking University（北京大学量子材料中心与物理学院）；Hefei National Laboratory（合肥国家实验室）；International Quantum Academy, Shenzhen（深圳国际量子学院）
Unraveling the Emergence of Slow Dynamics in U(1) Lattice Gauge Theories
International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA)（高级研究国际学院）；The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP)（阿卜杜斯·萨拉姆国际理论物理中心）；Jožef Stefan Institute（约瑟夫·斯蒂芬研究所）；INFN, Sezione di Trieste（意大利国家核物理研究所的里雅斯特分部）；Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna（博洛尼亚大学物理与天文系）；INFN, sezione di Bologna（意大利国家核物理研究所博洛尼部分部）
