先进光学实验中的随机数生成器：半经典、量子和混合架构的比较分析
Random Number Generators in Advanced Optical Experiments: A Comparative Analysis of Semiclassical, Quantum, and Hybrid Architectures
AI总结：
本文比较了三种随机数生成器架构，探讨了高生成率与统计质量的平衡，并提出混合架构以提升随机数质量与生成速率。
摘要：
随机数序列（RNSs）在各种科学和工程应用中起关键作用。它们对经典和量子密码学的完整性、数学建模和蒙特卡洛模拟的准确性，以及赌博和统计抽样等领域的核心机制至关重要。尽管RNSs源的主要标准是质量和生成速率，但将其整合到实验设计中对许多基本物理测试和应用同样重要。本文呈现了光学随机数生成架构的比较分析，这些架构可以无缝集成到各种先进经典和量子光学实验方案中。特别是，我们评估了高生成率的衰减激光（准单光子源）与低频运行的 heralded 单光子源的统计质量之间的权衡。为了克服每个单独源的局限性，我们提出并检验了一种新的混合架构，利用它们的混合辐射，从而在提高速率的同时生成高质量的RNSs。此外，我们证明了此类源生成的原始序列不仅能够表现出，甚至在某些情况下可以超越通过强大随机提取器处理后的随机度。
英文摘要：
Random numbers sequences (RNSs) play a vital role in various scientific and engineering applications. They are critical to the integrity of classical and quantum cryptography, the accuracy of mathematical modeling and Monte Carlo simulations, and the core mechanics of applications in fields as diverse as gambling and statistical sampling. While the primary criteria for RNSs sources are their quality and generation rate, their integration into experimental designs is equally significant for many fundamental physical tests and applications. This work presents a comparative analysis of optical random number generation architectures, which can be seamlessly included into various advanced classical and quantum optical experimental schemes. In particular, we evaluate the trade-off between the high generation rate of an attenuated laser (a quasi-single-photon source) and the superior statistical quality of a heralded single-photon source operating at a much lower frequency. To overcome the limitations of each individual source, we propose and examine a novel hybrid architecture that utilizes their mixed radiation, enabling the generation of highquality RNSs at an enhanced rate. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the raw sequences generated by such a source can not only exhibit but, in some cases, even surpass the degree of randomness achieved by sequences processed through powerful randomness extractors.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
