关联量子去相位法：二维超导体和反铁磁体的对称性解析噪声光谱学
Correlated Quantum Dephasometry: Symmetry-Resolved Noise Spectroscopy of Two-Dimensional Superconductors and Altermagnets
AI总结：
本文提出关联量子去相位法，通过两个自旋量子比特的关联去相位，在纳米尺度和低频下实现材料的对称性解析量子噪声光谱学，用于区分超导能隙的s-, d-和g-波对称性。
摘要：
对称性解析光谱学，如角分辨光电发射光谱和偏振分辨拉曼光谱，是量子材料表征的核心，但在纳米尺度和低频下仍具挑战性。本文提出关联量子去相位法，通过材料附近两个自旋量子比特的关联去相位，在纳米尺度和低（~MHz）频下实现材料的对称性解析量子噪声光谱学。我们的方法利用非本地近场噪声相关性的有限范围空间结构，以超越单个量子比特能力的方式，在动量空间中隔离材料响应的旋转对称性。我们将其应用于二维（2D）超导体，并预测清晰的指纹，可区分超导能隙的s-、d-和g-波对称性。为了突出通用性，我们进一步表明，相同框架可解析二维s-波反铁磁体和d-波反铁磁体。我们的结果确立了关联量子去相位法作为纳米尺度、低频对称性解析光谱学的补充，适用于广泛类别的量子材料。
英文摘要：
Symmetry-resolved spectroscopies, such as angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and polarization-resolved Raman, are central for quantum material characterization, yet remain challenging at nanoscale dimensions and low frequencies. Here, we propose correlated quantum dephasometry, which enables symmetry resolved quantum noise spectroscopy of materials at nanoscale and low ($\sim$MHz) frequencies via correlated dephasing of two spin qubits near materials. Our approach leverages the finite-range spatial structures of nonlocal near-field noise correlations to isolate rotational symmetry of the material response in momentum space beyond single qubit capabilities. We apply our approach to two-dimensional (2D) superconductors, and predict clear fingerprints that discriminate s-, d-, and g-wave symmetry of the superconducting gap. To highlight the generality, we further show that the same framework resolves 2D s-wave antiferromagnets and d-wave altermagnets. Our results establish correlated quantum dephasometry as a nanoscale, low-frequency complement for symmetry-resolved spectroscopy applicable to a broad class of quantum materials.
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