纺织品：从加捻纱线到拓扑与力学
Textiles: from twisted yarn to topology and mechanics
AI总结：
本文综述了纺织品的对称性、拓扑和力学，揭示了其作为凝聚态物质中独特但未充分探索的领域，重点讨论了加捻束结构、机织和针织织物的拓扑表征以及纱线级和线圈级几何与缺陷。
摘要：
尽管纺织品在人类历史的大部分时间里作为复杂的力学超材料存在，但纺织科学直到最近才被物理学界广泛关注。在这篇综述中，我们考虑了机织和针织材料的对称性、拓扑和力学，表明它们代表了凝聚态物质中一个独特但尚未充分探索的角落。我们从加捻纱线的基本构造和基本力学模型开始，回顾了加捻束结构的最新进展。然后，我们介绍机织和针织织物作为具有层对称性的材料，这些材料可以在拓扑上表征为加厚环面中的纽结和链环。最后，我们讨论织物力学和几何，引用围绕纱线级和线圈级几何、变形和缺陷结构的最新结果。
英文摘要：
While textiles have existed throughout much of human history as complex mechanical metamaterials, textile science has largely been overlooked by the physics community until recently. In this review, we consider the symmetry, topology, and mechanics of woven and knitted materials, showing that they represent a unique, if under-explored, corner of condensed matter. We start with the basic construction and elementary mechanical model of spun yarn, reviewing recent developments twisted bundle structures. We then introduce woven and knitted fabrics as materials with layer symmetries that can be topologically characterized as knots and links in the thickened torus. We finally discuss fabric mechanics and geometry, invoking recent results surrounding yarn-level and stitch-level geometry, deformations, and defect structures.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
