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arXiv 2604.06375cs.AI
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SymptomWise: 一种用于可靠和高效人工智能系统的确定性推理层

SymptomWise: A Deterministic Reasoning Layer for Reliable and Efficient AI Systems

University of California Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine(加州大学洛杉矶分校大卫·格芬医学院);University of Southern California(南加州大学)

Isaac Henry, Avery Byrne, Christopher Giza, Ron Henry, Shahram Yazdani

AI总结:

SymptomWise通过分离语言理解与诊断推理,结合专家知识和确定性推理,提升AI系统可靠性与可解释性,初步验证在儿科神经病学案例中表现优异。

摘要:

AI驱动的症状分析系统在可靠性、可解释性和幻觉方面面临持续挑战。端到端生成方法通常缺乏可追溯性,并可能在安全关键场景中产生不支持或不一致的诊断输出。我们提出了SymptomWise框架,该框架将语言理解与诊断推理分离。系统结合专家编纂的医学知识、确定性codex驱动推理和大语言模型的受限使用。自由文本输入被映射到经过验证的症状表示,然后由在有限假设空间上运行的确定性推理模块评估,以生成排序的鉴别诊断。语言模型仅用于症状提取和可选解释,而不是诊断推理。该架构提高了可追溯性,减少了不支持的结论,并允许对系统组件进行模块化评估。在42个专家撰写的具有挑战性的儿科神经病学案例上的初步评估显示,与临床共识有显著重叠,正确诊断出现在前五种鉴别诊断中的88%的案例中。除了医学领域外,该框架还适用于其他归纳推理领域,并可能作为基础模型的确定性结构和路由层,提高精度并可能减少受限制任务中的不必要的计算开销。

英文摘要:

AI-driven symptom analysis systems face persistent challenges in reliability, interpretability, and hallucination. End-to-end generative approaches often lack traceability and may produce unsupported or inconsistent diagnostic outputs in safety-critical settings. We present SymptomWise, a framework that separates language understanding from diagnostic reasoning. The system combines expert-curated medical knowledge, deterministic codex-driven inference, and constrained use of large language models. Free-text input is mapped to validated symptom representations, then evaluated by a deterministic reasoning module operating over a finite hypothesis space to produce a ranked differential diagnosis. Language models are used only for symptom extraction and optional explanation, not for diagnostic inference. This architecture improves traceability, reduces unsupported conclusions, and enables modular evaluation of system components. Preliminary evaluation on 42 expert-authored challenging pediatric neurology cases shows meaningful overlap with clinician consensus, with the correct diagnosis appearing in the top five differentials in 88% of cases. Beyond medicine, the framework generalizes to other abductive reasoning domains and may serve as a deterministic structuring and routing layer for foundation models, improving precision and potentially reducing unnecessary computational overhead in bounded tasks.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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