自动3D口腔扫描与2D照片的牙科叠加用于人类识别
Automatic dental superimposition of 3D intraorals and 2D photographs for human identification
AI总结：
本文提出利用3D后验扫描与2D前置照片进行自动牙科叠加，通过计算机视觉和优化技术实现形态比较，提升无医疗记录情况下的人类识别效率。
摘要：
牙科比较被视为指纹和DNA分析的初级识别方法。该方法的关键但耗时的步骤是形态比较。应用此方法的主要挑战在于缺乏生前医疗记录，尤其是在边境或无全民医疗的国家。社交媒体上的照片因牙齿可见而被牙科专家考虑用于形态比较。然而，现有方法存在显著局限，包括缺乏对透视失真的适当建模和缺乏量化形态差异的客观方法。本文提出了一种3D（死后扫描）-2D（生前照片）方法。利用计算机视觉和优化技术，将生前图像复制到3D模型中以进行形态比较。开发了两种自动方法：i）使用配对地标和ii）使用牙齿区域分割以估计相机参数。这两种方法在20,164次交叉比较中表现优异，分别获得平均排名值1.6和1.5。这些结果明显优于自动牙科图表比较方法的过滤能力，同时提供自动、客观和量化的形态对应评分，便于通过叠加图像进行解释和分析。
英文摘要：
Dental comparison is considered a primary identification method, at the level of fingerprints and DNA profiling. One crucial but time-consuming step of this method is the morphological comparison. One of the main challenges to apply this method is the lack of ante-mortem medical records, specially on scenarios such as migrant death at the border and/or in countries where there is no universal healthcare. The availability of photos on social media where teeth are visible has led many odontologists to consider morphological comparison using them. However, state-of-the-art proposals have significant limitations, including the lack of proper modeling of perspective distortion and the absence of objective approaches that quantify morphological differences. Our proposal involves a 3D (post-mortem scan) - 2D (ante-mortem photos) approach. Using computer vision and optimization techniques, we replicate the ante-mortem image with the 3D model to perform the morphological comparison. Two automatic approaches have been developed: i) using paired landmarks and ii) using a segmentation of the teeth region to estimate camera parameters. Both are capable of obtaining very promising results over 20,164 cross comparisons from 142 samples, obtaining mean ranking values of 1.6 and 1.5, respectively. These results clearly outperform filtering capabilities of automatic dental chart comparison approaches, while providing an automatic, objective and quantitative score of the morphological correspondence, easily to interpret and analyze by visualizing superimposed images.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
