SU(2)×U(1)晶格规范Higgs理论中带电物质态的种类
Varieties of electrically charged physical states in SU(2)$\times$U(1) lattice gauge Higgs theory
AI总结：
本文研究了SU(2)×U(1)晶格规范Higgs理论中带电和不带电物质态的构造，发现存在两种不同质量的带电粒子态。
摘要：
我们考虑了在晶格上耦合静态向量费米子的淬火SU(2)×U(1)规范Higgs理论，该费米子处于与Higgs场相同的规范表示中。几十年前已描述了电弱理论中局部规范不变的带电和不带电物质态，但这些构造不包含所有可能性。本文描述了与以前构造正交的新类型带电/不带电态。差异在于静态源如何被动力学场所装饰。我们发现，不带电静态费米子比任何带电费米子态都轻得多。但对带电费米子态传播的晶格研究表明，至少存在两种不同质量的带电粒子态。
英文摘要：
We consider a quenched SU(2)$\times$U(1) gauge Higgs theory on the lattice, coupled to a static vector-like fermion which, in this case, is in the same gauge group representation as the Higgs field. Physical (i.e. locally gauge invariant) electrically charged and electrically neutral states of matter particles in the electroweak theory were described decades ago, but those constructions do not exhaust all the possibilities, and new types of electrically charged/neutral states, orthogonal to former constructions, are described here. The difference has to do with how the static source, which by itself does not create a physical state, is dressed by dynamical fields. We find that, unsurprisingly, the neutral static fermion is much lighter than any of the charged fermion states. But a lattice study of the propagation of the charged fermion states indicates the existence of (at least) two particle states with different masses in charged particle spectrum.
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