社会接触与媒体暴露在美国种族多样性高估中的相互作用
Interplay between social contact and media exposure in the overestimation of racial diversity in the U.S
AI总结：
研究探讨了社会接触和媒体暴露如何影响美国人口对少数族裔群体规模的高估，发现高估随地理尺度和种族群体变化，且媒体消费与社交互动影响不同。
摘要：
一般人群系统性地高估少数族裔群体规模，但如何在不同种族群体和地理尺度上变化尚不明确。通过美国人口定制调查，研究分析了四个嵌套地理尺度（邻里、城市、州、国家）下对有色人种社区的高估。结果表明，高估具有尺度和群体依赖性：从本地到国家层面，高估概率逐步增加；有色人种比白人更频繁高估自己群体的规模。在白人受访者中，本地层面直接跨种族社会接触是高估的主要相关因素，而国家层面感知的有色人种新闻覆盖率则占主导地位。此外，对于两个群体，频繁新闻消费与低高估率相关，而频繁社交媒体使用则与高高估率相关。这些发现表明，高估在不同尺度和群体中普遍存在，可能催生'多样性错觉'，从而削弱促进公平政策的支持，因为人们可能错误认为代表性目标已达成。
英文摘要：
The general population systematically overestimates the size of minority groups, yet how these misperceptions vary across racial groups and geographical scales remains poorly understood. Using a purpose-built survey of the U.S. population, we examine overestimation of people of color (PoC) communities across four nested geographical scales: neighborhood, city, state, and nation. Our results demonstrate that overestimation is both scale- and group-dependent: the probability of overestimation increases progressively from local to national levels, and people of color overestimate their own group size more frequently than white people do at both the neighborhood and national levels. Among white respondents, we identify a scale-dependent divide in exposure mechanisms: direct interethnic social contact is the primary correlate of overestimation at local levels, whereas perceived frequency of coverage of people of color in news dominates at the national level. Furthermore, across both groups, frequent news consumption is associated with reduced rates of overestimation, while frequent social media use is associated with higher rates. These findings suggest that overestimation is real and present across scales and groups. This in turn can foster an `illusion of diversity', potentially undermining support for equity-promoting policies by creating the erroneous belief that representation goals have already been achieved.
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