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arXiv 2603.26463hep-ex
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在希格斯玻色子衰变中测量$Z$玻色子对的纠缠

Measurements of $Z$-boson pair entanglement in decays of Higgs bosons at the ATLAS experiment

EUROPEAN ORGANISATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH (CERN)(欧洲核子研究中心(CERN))

ATLAS Collaboration

AI总结:

利用ATLAS实验数据,研究$Z$玻色子对的量子纠缠,通过角观测量测量得到与标准模型预测一致的纠缠系数,排除分离态假设,证实电弱能标下重玻色子的纠缠。

摘要:

纠缠是量子系统的关键属性。本文报告了利用大型强子对撞机(LHC)13 TeV和13.6 TeV中心对撞能的质子-质子碰撞数据,首次测量$Z$玻色子对自旋纠缠的实验结果。通过测量$H→ZZ^*→ℓ^+ℓ^-ℓ^+ℓ^-$过程中的角观测量,得到系数$C_{2,1,2,-1} = -0.71 \pm 0.45$和$C_{2,2,2,-2}=0.08 \pm 0.44$,与标准模型预测一致。通过全角分布的互补假设检验,利用多个标准模型假设,显著提高了对量子相关性的灵敏度,并在4.7个标准差(预期4.9σ)的显著性下排除分离态假设,相对于纠缠标准模型假设。这些结果提供了强证据,证明在电弱能标下重玻色子(自旋三态)之间的量子纠缠。

英文摘要:

Entanglement is a key property of quantum systems. In this Letter the first measurements of quantum entanglement between spins in pairs of $Z$ bosons are reported, using proton-proton collision data from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at center-of-mass energies of 13 TeV and 13.6 TeV, recorded with the ATLAS detector. Measurements of angular observables sensitive to $ZZ^*$ spin-density-matrix elements in the $H\rightarrow ZZ^* \rightarrow \ell^+\ell^-\ell^+\ell^-$ process yield coefficients $C_{2,1,2,-1} = -0.71 \pm 0.45$ and $C_{2,2,2,-2}=0.08 \pm 0.44$, consistent with their Standard Model predictions. A complementary hypothesis test using the full angular distribution, and relying on several Standard Model assumptions in the decays, provides substantially higher sensitivity to quantum correlations and disfavors the separable-state hypothesis at a significance of 4.7 standard deviations (expected $4.9σ$) relative to the entangled Standard Model hypothesis. These results provide strong evidence of quantum entanglement between massive bosons (spin qutrits) at the electroweak scale.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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