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arXiv 2603.24482cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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在表面催化中利用通用机器学习势进行过渡态搜索的微调

Fine-tuning universal machine learning potentials for transition state search in surface catalysis

Carnegie Mellon University(卡内基梅隆大学);Aarhus University(奥胡斯大学)

Raffaele Cheula, Mie Andersen, John R. Kitchin

AI总结:

本文提出基于主动学习的工作流,通过迭代微调通用机器学习势(uMLPs)以实现DFT级别的过渡态搜索,展示了在金属和单原子合金表面CO2氢化反应网络中,通过8次DFT单点计算即可获得高质量过渡态结构。

摘要:

确定表面反应的过渡态(TSs)对于理解并设计非均相催化剂至关重要,但使用密度泛函理论(DFT)计算仍然计算上不可行。虽然机器学习势(MLPs)提供了显著的加速效果,但任务特定模型在催化系统间转移性有限,而通用MLPs(uMLPs)缺乏反应构型所需的精度。本文提出基于主动学习的工作流,通过迭代微调uMLPs以实现DFT质量的过渡态搜索。使用250个来自CO2氢化反应网络在金属和单原子合金表面的过渡态,我们首先评估了过渡态搜索算法,确定Sella算法最为稳健,并提出改进的Bond-Aware Sella算法,显著提高了其成功率。然后探索了顺序和批量主动学习策略进行微调,并证明仅需平均每个结构8次DFT单点计算即可找到DFT质量的过渡态结构。这展示了微调后的uMLPs在高通量催化剂筛选中的可行性。

英文摘要:

Determining transition states (TSs) of surface reactions is central to understanding and designing heterogeneous catalysts but remains computationally prohibitive with density functional theory (DFT). While machine learning potentials (MLPs) offer significant speedups, task-specific models have limited transferability across catalytic systems, and universal MLPs (uMLPs) lack the accuracy needed for reactive configurations. Here, we present a workflow based on active learning to iteratively fine-tune uMLPs for DFT-quality TS search. Using 250 TSs from the CO2 hydrogenation reaction network on metal and single-atom alloy surfaces, we first benchmark TS search algorithms, identifying the Sella algorithm as most robust, and propose a modification (Bond-Aware Sella) that substantially improves its success rate. We then explore sequential and batch active-learning strategies for fine-tuning and show that DFT-quality TS structures can be found using only 8 DFT single-point calculations on average per structure. This demonstrates the viability of fine-tuned uMLPs for high-throughput catalyst screening.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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