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arXiv 2603.22982cs.CR
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我们应该走多远:评估基于溯源的入侵检测系统在工业场景中的表现

How Far Should We Need to Go : Evaluate Provenance-based Intrusion Detection Systems in Industrial Scenarios

Tsinghua University(清华大学);Tencent Security Keen Lab(腾讯安全启明实验室);Peking University(北京大学)

Yue Xiao, Ling Jiang, Sen Nie, Ding Li, Shi Wu, Ke Xu, Qi Li

AI总结:

本文评估基于溯源的入侵检测系统在工业场景中的性能,发现现有系统存在移植性差、检测性能低和误报率高等问题,并提出改进方法和研究建议。

摘要:

基于溯源的入侵检测系统(PIDSes)已被广泛用于检测高级持续性威胁(APTs)。尽管许多研究在其原始论文的评估中实现了高性能,但其在工业场景中的表现仍不明确。为填补这一空白,我们进行了首次系统评估和分析。我们首先分析了DARPA数据集与工业场景数据之间的差异,识别出三个主要新特性:异构多源输入、更强大的攻击者和日益复杂的良性活动。然后我们构建了几个数据集来评估五个最先进的PIDSes。评估结果揭示了现有PIDSes面临的挑战,包括跨不同主机和平台的移植性差、对现实世界攻击的检测性能低以及与不断变化的良性活动相关的高误报率。基于评估结果和我们的工业实践,我们提供了一些见解以解决或解释上述问题。例如,我们提出了一种方法来缓解高误报率,该方法将手动工作量减少了三分之二。最后,我们提出了一些研究建议以改进PIDSes。

英文摘要:

Provenance-based Intrusion Detection Systems (PIDSes) have been widely used to detect Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs). Although many studies achieve high performance in the evaluations of their original papers, their performance in industrial scenarios remains unclear. To fill this gap, we conduct the first systematic evaluation and analysis of PIDSes in industrial scenarios. We first analyze the differences between the data from DARPA datasets and that collected in industrial scenarios, identifying three main new characteristics in industry: heterogeneous multi-source inputs, more powerful attackers, and increasing benign activity complexity. We then build several datasets to evaluate five state-of-the-art PIDSes. The evaluation results reveal challenges for existing PIDSes, including poor portability across different hosts and platforms, low detection performance against real-world attacks, and high false positive rates with ever-changing benign activities. Based on the evaluation results and our industrial practices, we provide several insights to solve or explain the above problems. For example, we propose a method to mitigate the high false positives, which reduces manual effort by 2/3. Finally, we propose several research suggestions to improve PIDSes.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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