轻子双电荷交换反应作为轻子数违反的探针
Lepton Double Charge Exchange Reactions as Probes for Lepton Number Violation
AI总结：
本文提出利用高能加速器的轻子双电荷交换反应探测超出标准模型的物理。通过左右手对称模型构建二级形式，预测多GeV束能下反应截面显著，且受实验室控制，无衰变或捕获实验限制。
摘要：
轻子数违反（LNV）的A(e^-,e^+)X双电荷交换（LDCE）反应被提议作为探测超出标准模型（BSM）物理的探针。本文提出了包含LNV动力学的二级形式，由左右手对称模型（LRSM）描述。对于实际研究，使用现象学模型估算LDCE截面。预测多GeV束能下截面显著，LDCE反应优先由能量动量依赖的左右混合项驱动。尽管轻子质量较轻时Majorana质量项可忽略，但对重中性轻子在更高束能下可能变得显著。在~10 GeV区域内，预测的总LDCE截面约为100×|Γ_{BSM}|^2 fb，单位为BSM顶点。截面随能量和靶质量强烈增加。LDCE实验似乎在现有设备下可行，受实验室控制，无核和强子系统衰变或捕获实验的限制。
英文摘要：
Lepton number violating (LNV) $A(e^-,e^+)X$ double charge exchange (LDCE) reactions on nuclei at accelerator facilities with multi-GeV beams are proposed as a probe for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). A second order formalism is presented including LNV dynamics by the left-right symmetric model (LRSM). For practical studies a phenomenological model is used to estimate LDCE cross sections numerically. Sizable cross sections are predicted for multi-GeV beam energies. LDCE reactions proceed preferentially by the energy-momentum dependent left-right mixing terms. While Majorana mass terms are negligible for light neutrinos, they may become sizable for heavy neutral leptons at higher beam energies. In the ~10 GeV region inclusive total LDCE cross sections of about $100\times|Γ_{BSM}|^2$~fb in units of the BSM vertices are predicted, increasing strongly with energy and target mass. LDCE experiments seem to be feasible with existing equipment under full laboratory control and free of the constraints imposed on decay or capture experiments of nuclear and hadronic systems.
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