经典-量子计算系统中定量韧性模型和指标的必要性
The Need for Quantitative Resilience Models and Metrics in Classical-Quantum Computing Systems
AI总结：
本文强调经典-量子计算系统中需建立定量韧性模型以评估系统可靠性及成本效益。
摘要：
日益深入的HPC资源和QPUs的整合揭示了计算机体系结构和工程中的新挑战。因此，可靠性再次成为关注点，涵盖韧性、可重复性和安全性。量子计算系统的特性涉及以回顾性、预测性和规范性方式重新解释这些因素。本文指出，韧性必须成为设计的先决条件，而非HPC-QPU整合的后续考虑。本文描述了需要概念性和定量模型来估算和评估混合经典-量子计算基础设施的韧性。我们建议如何将土木工程中的韧性方法应用于经典-量子计算堆栈的不同层次。我们还讨论了端用户价值模型对从堆栈某一层次传播的漏洞向上传播影响的后果估计的影响。最后，我们主张新的韧性模型可以帮助改善量子技术堆栈中特定组件的影响，从而更清晰地展示不同层次之间的分离关注的价值。最终，HPC-QPU整合将越来越需要关于特定系统改进的成本效益比及其级联后果以及对用户交付价值的估计的更精确的陈述。
英文摘要：
Increasingly deeper integration of HPC resources and QPUs unveils new challenges in computer architecture and engineering. As a consequence, dependability arises again as a concern encompassing resilience, reproducibility and security. The properties of quantum computing systems involve a reinterpretation of these factors in retrodictive, predictive, and prescriptive ways. We state here that resilience must become an \emph{a priori} design constraint rather than an afterthought of HPC-QPU integration. This article describes the need for conceptual and quantitative models to estimate and assess the resilience hybrid classical-quantum computing infrastructure. We suggest how resilience methods in civil engineering can apply at various levels of the classical-quantum computing stack. We also discuss implications of a model of end-user value for the estimation of consequences resulting from the propagation of vulnerabilities from a given level of the stack upwards. Finally, we argue in favor of new resilience models can help the impact of improving specific components in quantum technology stacks to provide a clearer picture about the value of separation of concerns across different layers. Ultimately, HPC-QPU integration will increasingly demand more precise statements about the cost-benefit ratio of specific system improvements and their cascading consequences against estimates of delivered value to users.
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