芬兰、法语和斯洛伐克语中自闭症儿童和非自闭症儿童语音的跨语言分析
Cross-linguistic Prosodic Analysis of Autistic and Non-autistic Child Speech in Finnish, French and Slovak
AI总结：
本研究通过分析芬兰、法语和斯洛伐克语中自闭症和非自闭症儿童的语音特征，发现自闭症患者在语音质量和强度动态上存在语言无关的差异，挑战了传统的缺陷模型。
摘要：
自闭症患者的语音差异已得到充分记录，但跨语言证据仍有限。本研究在芬兰、法语和斯洛伐克语的多语言语料库中调查了自闭症患者的语音特征。从超过5000个间隔单位中提取了88个声学特征，并通过主成分分析（PCA）进行数据降维，然后使用线性混合效应模型（LMMs）进行分析。跨语言研究显示，自闭症患者表现出更高的总体强度变异性，以及更清晰、不那么气声的语音质量（更高的谐波噪声比和alpha比），同时伴有时间强度动态减少和较低的基频。单语言分析揭示了语言特定的细微差别：斯洛伐克的结果与跨语言基频模式一致，但在语音质量上出现分歧，而芬兰的结果与更广泛的语音质量发现一致。这些结果强调了在研究可能的语言无关自闭症标记时，应包括语音质量和强度动态，同时结合传统的音高测量。研究结果挑战了缺陷模型，表明在不同语言中存在复杂的、在声学上不同的语音特征轮廓。
英文摘要：
Prosodic differences in autism are well-documented, but cross-linguistic evidence remains limited. This study investigates prosody in autism across a multilingual corpus of Finnish, French, and Slovak speakers. 88 acoustic features from over 5,000 inter-pausal units were extracted, and data were reduced via Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and analyzed using Linear Mixed-Effects Models (LMMs). Cross-linguistically, autistic speakers exhibited increased general intensity variability and a clearer, less breathy voice quality (higher Harmonics-to-Noise Ratio and alpha ratio), alongside reduced temporal intensity dynamics and lower central f0. Monolingual analyses revealed language-specific nuances: Slovak results aligned with cross-linguistic f0 patterns but diverged on voice quality, while Finnish results mirrored the broader voice quality findings. These results emphasize including voice quality and intensity dynamics in the study of possible language-independent markers of autism, alongside traditional pitch measures. The findings challenge deficiency-based models, suggesting instead a complex, acoustically distinct prosodic profile across languages.
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