当静态支付意愿误导何时?动态享乐估值的框架
When Does Static Willingness to Pay Mislead? A Framework for Dynamic Hedonic Valuation
AI总结:
本文研究了静态支付意愿何时会误导,提出了一种动态享乐估值框架,通过家庭扫描数据展示了享乐表示对价格的现实限制,并说明习惯性形成如何在该表示条件下提高行为一致性。
摘要:
许多政策反事实依赖于消费者对产品属性(如糖、钠、咖啡因、酒精或排放)的价值评估。标准的享乐和差异化产品模型将这些评估静态化。当属性具有习惯性时,这种解释是受限的:观察到的价格反映了同时期边际价值和当前消费产生的持续价值。我开发了一个非参数揭示偏好框架用于动态享乐估值,推导出合理化观察价格和选择的必要和充分条件。利用家庭扫描数据对谷物购买的分析,我表明享乐表示对价格施加了现实限制,而习惯性形成在该表示条件下提高了行为一致性。结果提供了一个诊断工具,用于判断静态属性估值何时是合理的,以及价格如何揭示超过同时期边际价值。
英文摘要:
Many policy counterfactuals depend on how consumers value product attributes such as sugar, caffeine, alcohol, or emissions. Standard hedonic and differentiated-products models typically impose time-separable preferences. But when attributes are habit forming, current consumption can shift future marginal valuations, so static willingness-to-pay may be insufficient for policy counterfactuals. I develop a nonparametric revealed-preference framework for dynamic hedonic valuation, deriving necessary and sufficient conditions for rationalising observed prices and choices. Using cereal scanner data, I show that the hedonic representation restricts prices, while habits improve behavioural coherence conditional on that representation. The framework diagnoses when static willingness-to-pay is defensible for policy.
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