HELIOS：一种用于均匀、周期性和分层环境光散射的表面积分方程软件
HELIOS: A surface integral equation software for light scattering in homogeneous, periodic, and stratified environments
AI总结：
HELIOS是一种用于模拟均匀、周期性和分层环境中粒子光散射的开源表面积分方程软件，采用PMCHWT公式和Ewald变换等技术实现高精度计算。
摘要：
我们介绍了HELIOS（HomogEneous and Layered medIa Optical Scattering），一种开源的表面积分方程（SIE）软件，用于建模嵌入在均匀或分层介质及周期性背景中的粒子的光散射。该代码实现了Poggio-Miller-Chang-Harrington-Wu-Tsai（PMCHWT）公式，该公式在解决具有穿透物体的散射问题中表现出卓越的可靠性。领域边界使用三角网格进行离散化，电和磁表面电流密度则通过Rao-Wilton-Glisson（RWG）基函数展开。对于周期性结构，如光子晶体和超材料，HELIOS采用Ewald变换来高效评估与二维晶格相关的无限级数。对于分层介质，该代码利用一种适合矩阵运算的分层介质格林张量方法，计算Sommerfeld积分，并通过表格插值方案加速计算。源代码用C++实现，而Python接口负责管理工作流程，包括模拟设置、求解器运行和后处理。通过各种示例展示了HELIOS的准确性和通用性，涵盖了其所有功能。
英文摘要：
We present HELIOS (HomogEneous and Layered medIa Optical Scattering), an open-source surface integral equation (SIE) software designed for modeling light scattering by particles embedded in homogeneous or layered media and periodic backgrounds. The code implements the Poggio-Miller-Chang-Harrington-Wu-Tsai (PMCHWT) formulation that has demonstrated exceptional reliability in solving scattering problems with penetrable objects. Domain boundaries are discretized using triangular meshes, upon which the electric and magnetic surface current densities are expanded using the Rao-Wilton-Glisson (RWG) basis functions. For periodic structures, such as photonic crystals and metasurfaces, HELIOS employs Ewald's transformation to efficiently evaluate the infinite series associated with 2D lattices. Regarding stratified media, the code utilizes a matrix-friendly approach for the layered media Green's tensor, computing Sommerfeld integrals and accelerating calculations through a tabulation-interpolation scheme. The source code is implemented in C++, while a Python interface manages the workflow, including simulation setup, solver run, and post-processing. The accuracy and versatility of HELIOS are demonstrated through various examples that cover all its functionalities.
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