General-purpose agents perform tasks in unfamiliar environments without domain-specific manual customization. Yet no study has systematically measured how agent architecture shapes performance across heterogeneous protocols and diverse unfamiliar environments. This is the first systematic study, comparing tool-calling, MCP, code-generation, and CLI agents on the same benchmarks with the same models. Two gaps blocked such a study: existing harnesses require per-benchmark wiring or fixed protocol classes (web for BrowserGym, CLI for Harbor), and benchmarks themselves expect human-authored prompts, context, and integration glue. To enable this study, we contribute (1) a unifying protocol that bridges existing benchmark and agent protocols; (2) an evaluation harness that surfaces any benchmark to any general-purpose agent and backbone model; and (3) the first Open General Agent Leaderboard of agent configurations, a full factorial over 5 agent architectures x 5 backbone LLMs (three closed-source, two open-weight) x 6 benchmarks spanning software engineering, customer service, deep research, and personal assistance. We find that (i) general agents adapt to every tested domain without per-domain customization; (ii) agent architecture choice swings results by up to 12pp within a single model, yet backbone model choice dominates overall performance; (iii) on 4 of 6 tested benchmarks, top general agents are indistinguishable from the leading heavily-customized domain-specific agents; (iv) open-weight models tested exhibit "generality sinks" absent from frontier closed-source models: they consistently collapse on specific agent architectures or benchmarks; (v) a behavioral failure analysis reveals architecture-distinctive error signatures that aggregate scoring cannot discriminate. Code, harness, leaderboard, and traces are at https://www.exgentic.ai.
ASA: Backbone-Training-Free Representation Engineering for Tool-Calling Agents
Renmin University of China（中国人民大学）；University of Macau（澳门大学）；Central South University（中南大学）；Jiangxi Normal University（江西师范大学）；Macau Millennium College（澳门 millennium 学院）；Peking University（北京大学）
Dynamo: Dynamic Skill-Tool Evolution for Vision-Language Agents
Qwen Large Model Application Team, Alibaba（阿里云大模型应用团队）；Alibaba Zhejiang University（阿里巴巴浙江大学）；University of Waterloo（多伦多大学）；Vector Institute（向量研究所）；Nanjing University（南京大学）；Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University（浙江大学滨江学院）
MemRouter: Memory-as-Embedding Routing for Long-Term Conversational Agents
University of Central Florida（佛罗里达大学中央分校）；University of Rochester（罗切斯特大学）；University of Illinois at Chicago（伊利诺伊大学香槟分校）；Case Western Reserve University（凯斯西储大学）
Benchmarking LLM Judges for Mobile Agent Evaluation
Mila – Québec AI Institute（米拉-魁北克人工智能研究所）；Concordia University（康考迪亚大学）；University of Toronto（多伦多大学）；Shanghai University（上海大学）；McMaster University（麦克马斯特大学）
From Soliloquy to Agora: Memory-Enhanced LLM Agents with Decentralized Debate for Optimization Modeling
Antai College of Economics and Management（上海交通大学安泰经济管理学院）；University of Chicago Booth School of Business（芝加哥大学布斯商学院）；The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen)（香港中文大学（深圳））；School of Economics and Management（清华大学经济管理学院）
BioMedArena: An Open-source Toolkit for Building and Evaluating Biomedical Deep Research Agents
University of Oxford（牛津大学）；University College London（伦敦大学学院）；Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑技术大学）；Oxford-Suzhou Centre for Advanced Research, China（牛津-苏州先进研究中心）
College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, China（深圳大学计算机科学与软件工程学院）；Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), China（广东省人工智能与数字经济发展实验室（深圳））；School of Information Technology, Carleton University, Canada（卡尔顿大学信息技术学院）
MAGE: Multi-Agent Self-Evolution with Co-Evolutionary Knowledge Graphs
University of New South Wales（新南威尔士大学）；The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)（香港科学与技术大学（广州））；Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence（穆罕默德·本·扎耶德人工智能大学）
TimeEvo: Failure-Driven Self-Evolution of a Time Series Agent
University of Illinois at Chicago（伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校）；Visa Research（Visa研究院）；University of Florida（佛罗里达大学）；The Ohio State University（俄亥俄州立大学）；Case Western Reserve University（凯斯西储大学）
