fEDM+: 基于风险的模糊伦理决策框架及其原则级可解释性与多元验证
fEDM+: A Risk-Based Fuzzy Ethical Decision Making Framework with Principle-Level Explainability and Pluralistic Validation
AI总结：
fEDM+通过引入可解释性模块和多元验证框架，提升伦理决策的可解释性和鲁棒性，适用于伦理敏感AI系统的监督与治理。
摘要：
在之前的论文中，我们介绍了模糊伦理决策框架（fEDM），一种基于模糊逻辑的伦理推理架构。原始模型结合了模糊伦理风险评估模块（fERA）和伦理决策规则，通过模糊Petri网（FPNs）实现了形式结构验证，并将输出验证 against 单一规范参照物。尽管这种方法确保了形式正确性和决策一致性，但并未完全解决两个关键挑战：决策的原理可解释性和在伦理多元主义下的鲁棒性。在本文中，我们从两个主要方向扩展fEDM。首先，我们引入了可解释性和可追溯性模块（ETM），该模块将每个伦理决策规则明确连接到底层道德原则，并为每个推荐行动计算加权原则贡献配置文件。这使透明、可审计的解释得以实现，不仅揭示了决策是什么，还揭示了为什么以及基于哪些原则。其次，我们用多元语义验证框架取代单一参照物验证，该框架通过多个利益相关者参照物评估决策，每个参照物编码不同的原则优先级和风险容忍度。这种转变使基于原则的分歧可以被正式表示而非压制，从而提高鲁棒性和情境敏感性。最终的扩展fEDM，称为fEDM+，在保持形式可验证性的同时实现了增强的可解释性和利益相关者意识验证，使其成为伦理敏感AI系统监督和治理层的合适选择。
英文摘要：
In a previous work, we introduced the fuzzy Ethical Decision-Making framework (fEDM), a risk-based ethical reasoning architecture grounded in fuzzy logic. The original model combined a fuzzy Ethical Risk Assessment module (fERA) with ethical decision rules, enabled formal structural verification through Fuzzy Petri Nets (FPNs), and validated outputs against a single normative referent. Although this approach ensured formal soundness and decision consistency, it did not fully address two critical challenges: principled explainability of decisions and robustness under ethical pluralism. In this paper, we extend fEDM in two major directions. First, we introduce an Explainability and Traceability Module (ETM) that explicitly links each ethical decision rule to the underlying moral principles and computes a weighted principle-contribution profile for every recommended action. This enables transparent, auditable explanations that expose not only what decision was made but why, and on the basis of which principles. Second, we replace single-referent validation with a pluralistic semantic validation framework that evaluates decisions against multiple stakeholder referents, each encoding distinct principle priorities and risk tolerances. This shift allows principled disagreement to be formally represented rather than suppressed, thus increasing robustness and contextual sensitivity. The resulting extended fEDM, called fEDM+, preserves formal verifiability while achieving enhanced interpretability and stakeholder-aware validation, making it suitable as an oversight and governance layer for ethically sensitive AI systems.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
