仅使用全内存的前沿时空算法
Frontier Space-Time Algorithms Using Only Full Memory
AI总结:
本文提出仅使用全内存的前沿时空算法,解决了有向s-t连通性、编辑距离、最长公共子序列和离散弗雷歇距离问题,改进了催化空间使用并匹配了非催化算法的时间-空间界限。
摘要:
我们为算法设计中的基本问题开发了催化算法,这些算法在多项式时间内运行,仅使用O(log n)的工作空间,并使用亚线性催化空间,这与非催化算法在多项式时间内运行的最佳空间界限相匹配。首先,我们设计了一个多项式时间算法,用于有向s-t连通性,使用n/2^{Θ(√log n)}的催化空间,这与非催化设置中的最新时间-空间界限[ Barnes等,1998]相匹配,并改进了已知最佳算法[Cook和Pyne,2026]的催化空间使用。此外,仅使用O(log n)个随机位,我们得到一个随机算法,其运行时间几乎与无空间限制算法已知的最快时间界限相匹配。其次,我们为计算编辑距离、最长公共子序列和离散弗雷歇距离的问题设计了多项式时间算法,再次使用n/2^{Θ(√log n)}的催化空间。这再次与编辑距离和最短公共子序列的非催化时间-空间前沿[ Kiyomi等,2021]相匹配。
英文摘要:
We develop catalytic algorithms for fundamental problems in algorithm design that run in polynomial time, use only $\mathcal{O}(\log(n))$ workspace, and use sublinear catalytic space matching the best-known space bounds of non-catalytic algorithms running in polynomial time. First, we design a polynomial time algorithm for directed $s$-$t$ connectivity using $n \big/ 2^{Θ(\sqrt{\log n})}$ catalytic space, which matches the state-of-the-art time-space bounds in the non-catalytic setting [Barnes et al., 1998], and improves the catalytic space usage of the best known algorithm [Cook and Pyne, 2026]. Furthermore, using only $\mathcal{O}(\log(n))$ random bits we get a randomized algorithm whose running time nearly matches the fastest time bounds known for space-unrestricted algorithms. Second, we design polynomial time algorithms for the problems of computing Edit Distance, Longest Common Subsequence, and the Discrete Fréchet Distance, again using $n \big/ 2^{Θ(\sqrt{\log n})}$ catalytic space. This again matches non-catalytic time-space frontier for Edit Distance and Least Common Subsequence [Kiyomi et al., 2021].
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