纽约州直接支持专业人员中食物和住房不安全的普遍性
Prevalence of Food and Housing Insecurity among Direct Support Professionals in New York
AI总结：
本研究发现纽约州直接支持专业人员中食物和住房不安全普遍存在，需通过提高工资和增强安全措施来改善其福利。
摘要：
背景。低收入与家庭不安全有关。直接支持专业人员（DSPs）为智力和发育障碍人士提供支持，通常以接近州最低工资的标准工作，可能经历不安全。目的。本研究的目的是评估DSPs中食物和住房不安全的普遍性。方法。我们进行了全州范围的横断面调查，调查纽约州的DSPs（2022-2023）。测量包括关于食物和住房不安全的详细问题。我们使用卡方检验和逻辑回归分析来检验不安全与人口统计数据之间的关系，作为社会决定因素的代理。总共4503名DSPs回应了调查。分析样本包含2766名完成所有相关变量完整数据的受访者。结果。总体而言，62.6%的人经历了食物和/或住房不安全，其中超过一半的受访者同时经历了两种不安全。不安全在有残疾的DSPs（76.2%）、有色人种的DSPs（75.7%）和收入较低的DSPs（72.4%）中最高，但各人口群体中超过50%的DSPs经历了不安全。结论。本研究显示的广泛不安全是职业危害，会降低员工福利。在宏观层面，家庭不安全是照护和支持交付系统稳定性的关键威胁。人类服务部门预计未来将迅速增长。如果增长继续沿低工资路线发展，意味着工人不安全将同样迅速扩展。政府提高工资和增强食物和住房安全的干预措施是支持智力和发育障碍人士照护交付系统工作人员的必要措施。
英文摘要：
Background. Low earnings are associated with household insecurity. Direct Support Professionals (DSPs) provide support for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, typically for wages close to state minimums, and may experience insecurity. Objective. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of food and housing insecurity among DSPs. Methods. We conducted a statewide, cross-sectional survey of DSPs in New York State (2022-2023). Measures included detailed questions about food and housing insecurity. We used chi-square analyses and logistic regressions to examine relationships between insecurity and demographic characteristics as proxies for social determinants of health. A total of 4,503 DSPs responded to the survey. The analytic sample contained 2,766 respondents with complete data for all relevant variables. Results. Overall, 62.6% experienced food and/or housing insecurity, with over half of those respondents experiencing both. Insecurity was highest among DSPs with a disability (76.2%), DSPs of color (75.7%), and those with lower income (72.4%), but over 50% of DSPs across demographic groups experienced insecurity. Conclusions. The widespread insecurity this study demonstrates is an occupational hazard that reduces worker welfare. At the macro-level, household insecurity is a critical threat to the stability of the care and support delivery system. The human services sector is projected to grow rapidly in the future. If growth continues along low wage lines, it implies an equally rapid expansion of worker insecurity. Government action to raise pay and interventions that enhance food and housing security are needed to support workers in the care delivery system for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities.
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