School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University（北京航空航天大学仪器科学与光电工程学院）；International Center for Quantum-field Measurement Systems for Studies of the Universe and Particles (QUP, WPI), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)（高能加速器研究机构（KEK）宇宙与粒子研究量子场测量系统国际中心（WPI））；Quantum Science and Engineering Centre, Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学量子科学与工程中心）；School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学物理与数学科学学院）；CERN, Theoretical Physics Department（欧洲核子研究中心理论物理部）；Physics Department, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology（以色列理工学院物理系）；Quantum Science and Technology College, Beihang University（北京航空航天大学量子科学与技术学院）；Hefei National Laboratory（合肥国家实验室）
Xiaofei Huang, Xiaolin Ma, Zitong Xu, Itay M. Bloch, Kai Wei
Laboratory searches for ultralight axion dark matter (DM) have traditionally assumed the terrestrial density of axions is equal to the average density of DM in the solar system. However, quadratic couplings to matter introduce a non-trivial field profile near the Earth. In this work, we present the first dedicated experimental implementation of this environment-aware axion DM wind search framework. Leveraging the extreme sensitivity of a K--Rb--$^{21}$Ne comagnetometer to pseudo-magnetic fields induced by axion DM, we analyzed our data in the context of the massively enhanced local gradient of axions due to interactions with matter, though no signal candidates were found. Consequently, we have set the most stringent limits on axion-neutron derivative interactions for masses $m_a \in [0.041, ~28.9]~\rm feV$, improving from previous experiments that ignore terrestrial matter effects by as much as three orders of magnitude for certain masses. Our work highlights the necessity of accounting for environmental modifications in precision frontier experiments and demonstrates how geophysical variations can be harnessed to act as a natural amplifier for DM possibly enabling future detection in parts of the parameter space that were previously beyond reach.
Momentum and Matter Matter for Axion Dark Matter Matters on Earth
University of Maryland, College Park（马里兰大学帕克分校）；Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory（劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室）；Berkeley Center for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Berkeley（加州大学伯克利分校理论物理中心）；Université de Strasbourg（斯特拉斯堡大学）；CNRS（法国国家科学研究中心）；IPHC UMR7178（高能物理研究所）；Université de Genève（日内瓦大学）；Weizmann Institute of Science（魏茨曼科学研究所）；The University of Sydney（悉尼大学）
Coherently Enhanced Axion-Photon Conversion via Seeded Photons for Short-Pulse Axion Detection
Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交大李政道研究所）；School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交通大学物理与天文学院）；Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交通大学国际前沿科学协同创新中心）
Testing selectively enhanced QCD axions couplings as an explanation of the RX J1856.5-3754 hard X-ray excess
Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Pilani（比拉理工学院皮拉尼分校）；Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus（比拉理工学院皮拉尼分校K.K.比尔拉果阿校区）
研究利用 QCD 轴子转换光子解释壮丽七颗中子星之一的硬 X 射线数据，采用核子 - 核子轫致辐射及库珀对破坏与形成过程，对比常用模型，发现微电子伏特尺度增强模型更吻合数据，可解释 2 - 8 千电子伏特硬 X 射线发射。
Observable signatures of enhanced axion emission from protoneutron stars
利用广义相对论一维超新星（SN）模拟方法，研究了质子中子星（PNS）内部π介子诱导反应$π^- + p \rightarrow n + a$引起的轴子辐射增强的可观测特征，重点研究了超新星爆发后的早期演化，预测了前10 s中微子和轴子辐射的时间和光谱特征.π介子作为新的自由度被包含在热的和稠密的物质中。它们的热布居和它们在轴子产生中的作用都被一致地确定为包括由于它们与核子的相互作用而产生的影响。对于广泛的环境条件内遇到的PNS，我们发现，介子诱导的轴子生产占主导地位的核子核子韧致辐射过程。通过不断包括介子的作用，致密物质的状态方程和能量损失，我们的模拟预测强大的可辨别的特征中微子和轴子发射从银河系超新星，可以观察到在地面探测器。对于轴子耦合与当前的界限兼容，我们发现一个显着的抑制与时间的中微子光度在第一个10秒。这表明，从SN 1987 A的中微子信号得出的当前边界可以得到改善，未来的银河系超新星可能会提供更严格的约束。
Search for Ultralight Dark Matter with Quantum Magnetometry in the Earth's Cavity
Nanjing Normal University（南京师范大学）；Jiangxi Normal University（江西师范大学）；Beihang University（北京航空航天大学）；Peking University（北京大学）；Beijing University of Technology（北京工业大学）；Hangzhou Institute of Extremely-Weak Magnetic Field Major National Science and Technology Infrastructure（杭州弱磁大科学装置国家重大科技基础设施研究院）；Henan Normal University（河南师范大学）；Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院）；Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院紫金山天文台）；University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；Yantai University（烟台大学）
Signature of axion dark matter in low-frequency terrestrial electromagnetic fields: formulation and predictions
Center for Gravitational Physics and Quantum Information, Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University（京都大学 引力物理学与量子信息中心，汤川理论物理研究所）；Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo（东京大学 东大高等研究院 宇宙物理数学研究所）；Korea Institute for Advanced Study（韩国高等科学研究院）；Physics Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University（广岛大学 先进理工学研究科 物理项目）；Astrophysical Science Center, Hiroshima University（广岛大学 天体物理科学中心）；Department of Liberal Arts and Basic Sciences, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University（日本大学 产业技术学部 教养与基础科学系）
Earth-lens telescope for distant axion-like particle sources with stimulated backward reflection
Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University（广岛大学先进理工学研究科）；International Center for Quantum-field Measurement Systems for Studies of the Universe and Particles (QUP), KEK（高能加速器研究机构宇宙与粒子量子场测量系统国际中心）
Enhanced Matter Power Spectrum from Axion Kination after Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
Indiana University（印第安纳大学）；Rutgers University（罗格斯大学）；Harvard University（哈佛大学）；University of Chicago（芝加哥大学）；The University of Tokyo（东京大学）；University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign（伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校）
