模拟社交网络中的信息操控：主导注意力还是多样化注意力
Mass Manipulation in Simulated Social Networks: Dominating vs. Diversifying Attention
AI总结：
本文通过模拟社交网络，探讨了主题多样化在对抗虚假信息中的有效性，发现多样化注意力能有效减少虚假信息的影响。
摘要：
现代信息环境，尤其是社交媒体，是高度复杂的系统，超出了个体处理能力，如人类有限的注意力。这种环境与认知能力的不匹配会增加受到虚假信息影响的易感性，各种行为者利用这种不匹配进行反社会（包括反民主或反科学）目的。这提出了一个问题，即如何有效地维持社会对虚假信息的抵抗力，尽管挑战在于找到尊重个体认知限制的策略。我们研究了一个简单的行为规则——主题多样化——是否能提高集体表现并减少脆弱性。在一个包含欺骗性大众影响代理（MIA）的基于代理的模型中，我们比较了两种注意力分布策略：（A）基于熟人的话题选择，其中代理返回熟悉的内容，和（B）随机化主题，这些主题多样化注意力。我们还跟踪了不同网络结构下的动态变化。我们发现，在基于熟人的话题下，一个中心MIA能够有效传播其宣传，通过重复暴露和回音室效应导致意见波动和极化。在随机化主题下，这种影响力消失：MIA的影响在所有网络结构中崩溃，意见变得稳定并广泛与现实一致。这些结果虽然源于简单的模拟，但与现实中的有限理性和集体认知理论相一致，进一步表明了一种认知可行、易于监控和稳健的策略：分散注意力以对抗虚假信息。
英文摘要：
Modern information environments, especially social media, are highly complex systems that exceed individual processing capacities such as humans' limited attention. This environment/cognition mismatch can increase susceptibility to misinformation, which various actors exploit for anti-social (including anti-democratic or anti-science) aims. This raises the question of how to feasibly sustain societal resilience against misinformation, though the challenge is to find strategies that respect individuals' cognitive limitations. We investigate whether a simple behavioral rule - topic diversification - can enhance collective performance and mitigate vulnerability. In an agent-based model that includes a deceptive mass-influencing agent (MIA), we compare two attention-distribution strategies: (A) acquaintance-based topic selection, where agents return to familiar content, and (B) randomized topics, which diversify attention. We also track dynamics across different network structures. We find that under acquaintance-based topics, a central MIA advances its propaganda effectively, causing volatile and polarized opinions through repeated exposure and echo chambers. Under randomized topics, this leverage disappears: the MIA's influence collapses across all network structures, and opinions become stable and broadly aligned with reality. These results, while deriving from simple simulations, align with realistic theories of bounded rationality and collective cognition, further suggesting a cognitively feasible, easy-to-monitor and robust strategy: distribute attention to combat misinformation.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
