基于Chandrayaan-2轨道高分辨率相机（OHRC）立体影像的地磁锚定0.30米数字高程模型：Chandrayaan-3维克拉姆着陆点
Geodetically Anchored 0.30m Digital Elevation Model of the Chandrayaan-3 Vikram Landing Site from Chandrayaan-2 Orbital High Resolution Camera (OHRC) Stereo Imagery
AI总结：
基于OHRC立体影像，采用开放流程生成Chandrayaan-3着陆点0.30米分辨率DEM，实现地磁对齐和危险区域识别，为后续月球任务提供独立分析能力。
摘要：
ISRO利用Chandrayaan-2轨道高分辨率相机（OHRC）立体影像进行地形特征化和危险地图绘制，是Chandrayaan-3安全着陆的关键。然而，这些高程产品是通过专有流程生成的，并未公开发布。我们基于ISIS、阿姆斯立体流程和ALE构建了完全开放的工作流程，为Chandrayaan-3维克拉姆着陆点生成了0.30米/像素的数字高程模型（DEM），其分辨率与任务报告产品相当。重建覆盖2.18×2.24公里区域，有效像素覆盖率为91.2%，中位数三角测量误差为8.1厘米，相对垂直精度为40-50厘米。维克拉姆着陆器和普拉根尼罗弗均能被单独分辨。地磁对齐到LROC NAC立体DEM可实现约30米的水平精度；在3米分辨率下，像素级验证确认垂直偏差极小（中位数dz=+0.28米）且具有稳健的离散度（NMAD=2.88米）。稳定的OHRC立体收敛需要社区传感器模型（CSM）相机模型；传统的ISIS相机模型在两个独立站点上均失效。在0.30米分辨率下，这些DEM补充了LROC NAC DTMs（约1米），能够识别低于NAC检测阈值的次米级危险区域。应用于广泛的OHRC南极档案库，该方法为后续任务包括Chandrayaan-4、LUPEX和Artemis的危险地图绘制和着陆点分析提供了独立能力。
英文摘要：
ISRO's terrain characterization and hazard mapping from Chandrayaan-2 Orbiter High Resolution Camera (OHRC) stereo imagery were central to the safe landing of Chandrayaan-3 - the first successful landing in the lunar south polar region. However, these elevation products were generated with a proprietary pipeline and have not been publicly released. We present a 0.30 m/pixel digital elevation model (DEM) of the Chandrayaan-3 Vikram landing site using a fully open workflow based on ISIS, the Ames Stereo Pipeline, and ALE, achieving sub-meter resolution comparable to mission-reported products. The reconstruction covers 2.18 x 2.24 km with 91.2% valid pixel coverage, 8.1 cm median triangulation error, and 40-50 cm relative vertical precision. The Vikram lander and Pragyan rover are individually resolved. Geodetic alignment to an LROC NAC stereo DEM achieves approximately 30 m horizontal accuracy; pixel-wise validation at 3 m resolution confirms negligible vertical bias (median dz = +0.28 m) and robust dispersion (NMAD = 2.88 m). Stable OHRC stereo convergence requires Community Sensor Model (CSM) camera models; the legacy ISIS camera model failed across two independent sites. At 0.30 m, these DEMs complement LROC NAC DTMs (approximately 1 m), resolving sub-meter hazards below the NAC detection threshold. Applied to the extensive OHRC south polar archive, this methodology provides independent capability for hazard mapping and landing site analysis for upcoming missions including Chandrayaan-4, LUPEX, and Artemis.
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