非赫米特系统中的非规则李维利安皮肤定位与亚扩散传输
Erratic Liouvillian Skin Localization and Subdiffusive Transport
AI总结：
研究探讨了非赫米特系统中李维利安层面的非对称性对传输的影响，发现亚扩散传输与非规则定位共存，揭示了李维利安系统与哈密顿系统的核心差异。
摘要：
非赫米特系统具有全局互易耦合——如具有随机虚势场的Hatano-Nelson模型——避免传统非赫米特皮肤效应，表现出非规则体定位同时保持弹道传输。一个开放问题是，当非互易性起源于李维利安层面而非通过后选择获得的有效非赫米特哈密顿量时，是否会出现类似行为。本文研究了一个具有全局互易李维利安动力学和局部非对称不可逆跃迁的晶格模型，这是一个未被充分探索的无序设置。尽管稳态仍表现出依赖于无序的非规则定位而无边界积累，但在不可逆跃迁 regime 中的激发通过 Sinai 型亚扩散传播，比对称随机晶格中的普通扩散慢得多。这突显了真正的不同李维利安特征是全局互易与超慢、由无序诱导的亚扩散传输共存，而非非规则定位本身。这些结果揭示了全局互易哈密顿量与李维利安系统之间的根本差异：在两种情况下皮肤效应都被抑制，但只有在李维利安动力学中非规则皮肤定位可以与亚扩散传输共存。
英文摘要：
Non-Hermitian systems with globally reciprocal couplings -- such as the Hatano-Nelson model with stochastic imaginary gauge fields -- avoid the conventional non-Hermitian skin effect, displaying erratic bulk localization while retaining ballistic transport. An open question is whether similar behavior arises when non-reciprocity originates at the Liouvillian level rather than from an effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian obtained via post-selection. Here, a lattice model with globally reciprocal Liouvillian dynamics and locally asymmetric incoherent hopping is investigated, a disordered setting in which Liouvillian-specific effects have remained largely unexplored. While the steady state again shows disorder-dependent, erratic localization without boundary accumulation, {\color{black}excitations in the incoherent-hopping regime spread via {\em Sinai-type subdiffusion}, dramatically slower than ordinary diffusion in symmetric stochastic lattices.} {\color{black}This highlights that the genuinely distinct Liouvillian signature is the coexistence of global reciprocity with ultra-slow, disorder-induced subdiffusive transport, rather than the erratic localization itself.} {\color{black}These results reveal a fundamental distinction between globally reciprocal Hamiltonian and Liouvillian systems: in both cases the skin effect is suppressed, but only in Liouvillian dynamics erratic skin localization can coexist with subdiffusive transport
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