CellMaster: 单细胞分析中的协作细胞类型注释
CellMaster: Collaborative Cell Type Annotation in Single-Cell Analysis
AI总结:
CellMaster通过利用LLM编码知识实现零样本细胞类型注释,提升单细胞分析的准确性和可解释性。
摘要:
单细胞RNA测序(scRNA-seq)能够对复杂组织进行大规模谱系分析,揭示罕见谱系和瞬时状态。然而,赋予生物学上有效的细胞身份仍是一个瓶颈,因为标记是组织和状态依赖性的,而新状态缺乏参考。我们提出了CellMaster,一个模仿专家实践的AI代理,用于零样本细胞类型注释。与现有自动化工具不同,CellMaster利用LLM编码的知识(例如GPT-4o)进行即时注释,具有可解释的推理理由,无需预训练或固定标记数据库。在覆盖8种组织的9个数据集中,CellMaster在自动模式下将准确性提高了7.1%(包括CellTypist和scTab在内的最佳基线模型)。在人机协作的精炼过程中,这一优势增加到18.6%,在亚型群体上获得22.1%的提升。该系统在罕见和新细胞状态中表现出特别的优势,其中基线模型往往失败。源代码和网络应用可在https://github.com/AnonymousGym/CellMaster获取。
英文摘要:
Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) enables atlas-scale profiling of complex tissues, revealing rare lineages and transient states. Yet, assigning biologically valid cell identities remains a bottleneck because markers are tissue- and state-dependent, and novel states lack references. We present CellMaster, an AI agent that mimics expert practice for zero-shot cell-type annotation. Unlike existing automated tools, CellMaster leverages LLM-encoded knowledge (e.g., GPT-4o) to perform on-the-fly annotation with interpretable rationales, without pre-training or fixed marker databases. Across 9 datasets spanning 8 tissues, CellMaster improved accuracy by 7.1% over best-performing baselines (including CellTypist and scTab) in automatic mode. With human-in-the-loop refinement, this advantage increased to 18.6%, with a 22.1% gain on subtype populations. The system demonstrates particular strength in rare and novel cell states where baselines often fail. Source code and the web application are available at \href{https://github.com/AnonymousGym/CellMaster}{https://github.com/AnonymousGym/CellMaster}.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。