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arXiv 2602.13261cs.NEcs.AI
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用于在线和硬件感知训练的脉冲神经网络反馈控制优化器

A feedback control optimizer for online and hardware-aware training of Spiking Neural Networks

Institute of Neuroinformatics, University of Zürich and ETH Zürich(神经信息学研究所,苏黎世大学和苏黎世联邦理工学院);ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland(苏黎世联邦理工学院,苏黎世,瑞士);Digital Society Initiative, University of Zurich, Switzerland(数字社会倡议,苏黎世大学,瑞士);AI Center, ETH, Zürich, Switzerland(人工智能中心,苏黎世联邦理工学院,苏黎世,瑞士)

Matteo Saponati, Chiara De Luca, Giacomo Indiveri, Benjamin Grewe

AI总结:

本文提出了一种用于混合信号设备的脉冲神经网络反馈控制优化器,通过结合脉冲权重更新与反馈控制信号,实现可扩展的芯片级学习,提升边缘智能系统的可持续性。

摘要:

与传统人工神经网络(ANNs)不同,生物神经网络通过稀疏神经活动、递归连接和局部学习规则解决复杂的认知任务。这些机制是神经形态计算的设计原则,旨在解决现代计算中的关键能耗挑战。然而,大多数混合信号神经形态设备依赖于半监督或无监督学习规则,这些规则在监督学习任务中无法优化硬件。缺乏可扩展的芯片级学习解决方案限制了混合信号设备在可持续智能边缘系统中的潜力。为了解决这些挑战,我们提出了一种新的学习算法,用于在混合信号设备上运行脉冲神经网络(SNNs),该算法将基于脉冲的权重更新与反馈控制信号相结合。在我们的框架中,一个脉冲控制器生成反馈信号以引导SNN活动并驱动权重更新,从而实现可扩展的芯片级学习。我们首先在各种分类任务上评估该算法,证明使用反馈控制训练的单层SNN性能与人工神经网络(ANNs)相当。然后,我们通过测试网络在连续在线学习场景中的性能并评估对超参数不匹配的鲁棒性来评估其在混合信号神经形态设备上的实现。我们的结果表明,反馈控制优化器与神经形态应用兼容,推动了边缘应用中可扩展芯片级学习解决方案的潜力。

英文摘要:

Unlike traditional artificial neural networks (ANNs), biological neuronal networks solve complex cognitive tasks with sparse neuronal activity, recurrent connections, and local learning rules. These mechanisms serve as design principles in Neuromorphic computing, which addresses the critical challenge of energy consumption in modern computing. However, most mixed-signal neuromorphic devices rely on semi- or unsupervised learning rules, which are ineffective for optimizing hardware in supervised learning tasks. This lack of scalable solutions for on-chip learning restricts the potential of mixed-signal devices to enable sustainable, intelligent edge systems. To address these challenges, we present a novel learning algorithm for Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) on mixed-signal devices that integrates spike-based weight updates with feedback control signals. In our framework, a spiking controller generates feedback signals to guide SNN activity and drive weight updates, enabling scalable and local on-chip learning. We first evaluate the algorithm on various classification tasks, demonstrating that single-layer SNNs trained with feedback control achieve performance comparable to artificial neural networks (ANNs). We then assess its implementation on mixed-signal neuromorphic devices by testing network performance in continuous online learning scenarios and evaluating resilience to hyperparameter mismatches. Our results show that the feedback control optimizer is compatible with neuromorphic applications, advancing the potential for scalable, on-chip learning solutions in edge applications.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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