复苏低温度重加热的卡尔祖-克莱因暗物质
Resurrecting Kaluza-Klein Dark Matter with Low-Temperature Reheating
AI总结：
本文研究了在低温度重加热背景下，最小通用额外维度模型中卡尔祖-克莱因暗物质的参数空间扩展及其与实验约束的一致性。
摘要：
在通用额外维度（UED）场景中，最轻的卡尔祖-克莱因（KK）粒子由于额外维度紧致化后的残余离散对称性，即KK对称性，而自然稳定。这种稳定性不需要任意对称性，只要其能再现观测到的残余丰度，卡尔祖-克莱因暗物质就成为有说服力的候选者。最小的UED（mUED）框架高度可预测，强烈受到残余密度和对撞机搜索的联合要求的限制，假设标准宇宙学条件。我们重新审视mUED在非标准宇宙学历史下的暗物质现象学，该历史由延长的inflaton衰变驱动低重加热温度。求解暗物质、辐射和inflaton能量密度的耦合 Boltzmann 方程，我们显示重加热期间的熵注入可以将残余丰度稀释几个数量级，重新打开之前被排除的参数空间的大区域。我们进一步证明，复活的参数空间与当前对撞机、直接探测和间接探测约束一致，同时仍可通过即将到来的实验进行检验。
英文摘要：
In Universal Extra Dimension (UED) scenarios, the lightest Kaluza-Klein (KK) particle is naturally stable due to a remnant discrete symmetry, KK parity, arising from extra-dimensional compactification. This stability requires no ad hoc symmetry and renders Kaluza-Klein dark matter a well-motivated candidate, provided it reproduces the observed relic abundance. The minimal UED (mUED) framework being highly predictive is strongly constrained by the combined requirements of relic density and collider searches under standard cosmological assumptions. We revisit the dark matter phenomenology of mUED in the presence of a nonstandard cosmological history featuring a low reheating temperature driven by prolonged inflaton decay. Solving the coupled Boltzmann equations for dark matter, radiation, and inflaton energy densities, we show that entropy injection during reheating can dilute the relic abundance by orders of magnitude, reopening large regions of parameter space previously ruled out. We further demonstrate that the revived parameter space is consistent with current collider, direct-detection, and indirect-detection constraints, while remaining testable by upcoming experiments.
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