多体相位显微镜的协议：从相干和d波超导到格林函数
Protocols for a many-body phase microscope: From coherences and d-wave superconductivity to Green's functions
AI总结：
本文提出利用物质波显微镜通过傅里叶空间操控测量多体系统中长程非对角相关性，包括相位、相干及d波超导序参量等，揭示其在研究复杂量子态中的潜力。
摘要：
量子气体显微镜通过占据基态的投影测量来探测量子多体晶格态，从而能够访问各种密度和自旋相关性。然而，相信息却无法直接在这些装置中获得。最近的实验突破了这一限制，通过测量局部电流算符和局部相位波动来实现。本文提出如何在物质波显微镜中利用傅里叶空间操控，在实验上可行的设置中实现各种长程非对角相关性，实现多体相位显微镜。我们特别展示了如何在任意Hubbard型模型中直接测量费米子的d波超导序参量、产生谱函数的非等时格林函数，或在分数陈绝缘体中复合玻色子的隐含序。我们的结果表明，物质波显微镜在访问包括相位和相干在内的 exotic 相关性以及表征有趣量子多体态方面具有巨大潜力。
英文摘要：
Quantum gas microscopes probe quantum many-body lattice states via projective measurements in the occupation basis, enabling access to various density and spin correlations. Phase information, however, cannot be directly obtained in these setups. Recent experiments went beyond this by measuring local current operators and local phase fluctuations. Here we propose how Fourier-space manipulation in a matter-wave microscope allows access to various long-range off-diagonal correlators in experimentally realistic settings, realizing a many-body phase microscope. We demonstrate in particular how the fermionic d-wave superconducting order parameter in arbitrary Hubbard-type models, the non-equal time Green's function yielding the spectral function, or the hidden order of composite bosons in a fractional Chern insulator can be directly measured. Our results show the great potential of matter-wave microscopy for accessing exotic correlators including phases and coherences and characterizing intriguing quantum many-body states.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
