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arXiv 2602.08223astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SR
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银河宇宙线质子和氦谱从GeV到PeV能量的最小解释

A Minimal Interpretation of the Galactic Cosmic-Ray Proton and Helium Spectra from GeV to PeV Energies

Yerevan State University(埃里温国立大学);University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学);TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center(天府宇宙线研究中心);Max-Planck-Institut for Nuclear Physics(马克斯·普朗克核物理研究所);Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院高能物理研究所)

Felix Aharonian, Bing Theodore Zhang

AI总结:

提出双成分模型,通过两个银河宇宙线群体的过渡解释质子和氦谱从GeV到PeV的复杂结构,无需邻近源或非标准假设。

摘要:

宇宙线(CR)质子和氦谱的高精度测量显示出与简单幂律的显著偏差,其特征包括在~100 GeV以上硬化、多TeV范围的宽过剩以及PeV能量的显著结构。我们提出了一个最小唯象的双宇宙线群体框架,一致地解释了质子和氦在六个能量量级上的观测谱,在大部分探索能量范围内一致性达到~10%或更好。在该情景中,谱复杂性源于10 TeV-1 PeV能量范围内两个银河CR群体之间的过渡。低能质子群体在几十TeV处呈现尖锐截断,而第二个高能群体出现并在100 TeV以上主导,以~6.5 PeV处的平滑指数截断终止。同样的双成分模型应用于CR氦,其中第一成分稍硬,有效延伸至几百TeV,第二成分在磁刚度上与质子谱成比例,为氦谱和p/He比提供了一致的描述。该框架再现了CR质子和氦的主要观测谱特征,无需调用邻近源贡献或关于CR加速或传播的非标准假设。最近对超新星遗迹、恒星形成区和微类星体的伽马射线观测为这两个CR成分提供了合理的天体物理场所。

英文摘要:

High-precision measurements of the cosmic-ray (CR) proton and helium spectra have revealed significant deviations from a simple power law, characterized by multiple spectral features, including a hardening above $\sim$100~GeV, a broad excess in the multi-TeV range, and a pronounced structure at PeV energies. We propose a minimal phenomenological two-cosmic-ray-population framework that consistently accounts for the observed spectra of protons and helium across six decades in energy, with agreement at the level of $\sim 10 \%$ or better over most of the explored energy range. In this scenario, the spectral complexity arises from a transition between two Galactic CR populations in the 10~TeV-1~PeV energy range. The low-energy proton population exhibits a sharp cutoff at tens of TeV, while a second, higher-energy population emerges and dominates above 100~TeV, terminating with a smooth exponential cutoff at $\sim$6.5~PeV. The same two-component model applied to CR helium, with a slightly harder first component extending effectively to several hundred TeV and a second component that scales with the proton spectrum in magnetic rigidity, provides a consistent description of both the helium spectrum and the p/He ratio. This framework reproduces the main observed spectral features of CR protons and helium without invoking contributions from nearby sources or non-standard assumptions about CR acceleration or propagation. Recent gamma-ray observations of supernova remnants, star-forming regions, and microquasars offer plausible astrophysical sites for these two CR components.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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