提升高电流碱性水电解和二氧化碳还原的新型CuNiFe基阳极
Boosting high-current alkaline water electrolysis and carbon dioxide reduction with novel CuNiFe-based anodes
AI总结：
新型CuNiFe基阳极通过室温电沉积制备，实现高电流密度和低过电位，显著提升碱性水电解和二氧化碳还原效率，同时大幅降低环境影响。
摘要：
向绿色氢经济转型需要具有鲁棒性、可扩展性和可持续性的碱性水电解阳极，以在工业电流密度（>1 A/cm²）下运行。然而，在如此条件下实现高活性和长期稳定性仍是一个严峻挑战，传统催化剂难以满足要求。本文报告了一种新型三金属CuNiFe阳极，通过快速、单步电沉积工艺在室温下制备，无需有机添加剂。该催化剂在100 mA cm⁻²时表现出极低的过电位（<270 mV），并在30 wt% KOH中以1 A cm⁻²运行超过500小时。在实际阴离子交换膜水电解器（AEM-WE）中，CuNiFe阳极仅在2.5 V时即可实现2.5 A cm⁻²的电流密度，电压效率为66.8%。除了水分解外，该阳极还显著提高了二氧化碳电解性能，使二氧化碳还原电流密度提高三倍，并在与商用铜阴极配合时，选择性转向有价值的多碳产物。全生命周期评估证实，CuNiFe阳极将碳足迹减少一个数量级，并在多个类别中将环境影响降低40-60%相比基准IrRuO₂。本工作建立了一种可扩展、高性能且环境友好的阳极技术，为低成本、绿色氢和碳中性化学品的电化学生产铺平了道路。
英文摘要：
The transition to a green hydrogen economy demands robust, scalable, and sustainable anodes for alkaline water electrolysis operating at industrial current densities (>1 A/cm2). However, achieving high activity and long-term stability under such conditions remains a formidable challenge with conventional catalysts. Here, we report a novel trimetallic CuNiFe anode fabricated through a rapid, single-step electrodeposition process at room temperature without organic additives. The catalyst exhibits an exceptionally low overpotential of <270 mV at 100 mA cm(-2) and operates stably for over 500 hours at 1 A cm(-2) in 30 wt% KOH. In a practical anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEM-WE), the CuNiFe anode enables a current density of 2.5 A cm(-2) at only 2.5 V, with a voltage efficiency of 66.8%. Beyond water splitting, this anode also significantly enhances CO2 electrolysis, tripling the CO2 reduction current density and steering selectivity toward valuable multi-carbon products when paired with commercial copper cathodes. A cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment confirms that the CuNiFe anode reduces the carbon footprint by an order of magnitude and decreases environmental impacts by 40-60% across multiple categories compared to benchmark IrRuO2. Our work establishes a scalable, high-performance, and environmentally benign anode technology, paving the way for cost-effective electrochemical production of green hydrogen and carbon-neutral chemicals.
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