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arXiv 2602.07548cond-mat.stat-mechcs.LG
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通过流形感知的分数生成模型捕捉二维XY模型的拓扑相变与热力学

Capturing the Topological Phase Transition and Thermodynamics of the 2D XY Model via Manifold-Aware Score-Based Generative Modeling

Bengaluru, India(印度班加罗尔)

Pratyush Jha

AI总结:

本文提出流形感知的分数生成模型,用于捕捉二维XY模型的拓扑相变与热力学特性,实现了高精度的分数估计和零样本泛化。

摘要:

生成模型在多体物理中的应用为分析自旋系统的高维状态空间提供了有前途的途径。然而,不同于计算机视觉任务中只需视觉保真度,物理系统需要严格重现更高阶的统计矩和热力学量。尽管分数生成模型(SGMs)已成为强大工具,但其在欧几里得嵌入空间上的标准形式不适合连续自旋系统,因为变量本质上存在于流形上。在本工作中,我们证明在欧几里得空间上训练会削弱模型学习目标分布的能力,因为它优先学习流形约束。我们通过提出流形感知的分数生成模型框架应用于64x64的二维XY模型(一个4096维的环面)来解决这一限制。我们显示,我们的方法在估计理论玻尔兹曼分数的精度上优于标准扩散模型。因此,我们成功捕捉了伯尔金斯基-科斯特利茨-托索夫(BKT)相变,并准确重现了第二矩量,如热容量,而无需显式特征工程。此外,我们展示了对未见过的晶格尺寸的零样本泛化能力,准确恢复了不同系统规模的物理特性,而无需重新训练。由于这种方法避免了领域特定的特征工程,因此可以内在地推广到其他连续自旋系统。

英文摘要:

The application of generative modeling to many-body physics offers a promising pathway for analyzing high-dimensional state spaces of spin systems. However, unlike computer vision tasks where visual fidelity suffices, physical systems require the rigorous reproduction of higher-order statistical moments and thermodynamic quantities. While Score-Based Generative Models (SGMs) have emerged as a powerful tool, their standard formulation on Euclidean embedding space is ill-suited for continuous spin systems, where variables inherently reside on a manifold. In this work, we demonstrate that training on the Euclidean space compromises the model's ability to learn the target distribution as it prioritizes to learn the manifold constraints. We address this limitation by proposing the use of Manifold-Aware Score-Based Generative Modeling framework applied to the 64x64 2D XY model (a 4096-dimensional torus). We show that our method estimates the theoretical Boltzmann score with superior precision compared to standard diffusion models. Consequently, we successfully capture the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz Thouless (BKT) phase transition and accurately reproduce second-moment quantities, such as heat capacity without explicit feature engineering. Furthermore, we demonstrate zero-shot generalization to unseen lattice sizes, accurately recovering the physics of variable system scales without retraining. Since this approach bypasses domain-specific feature engineering, it remains intrinsically generalizable to other continuous spin systems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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