费舍尔零点的巨大气泡在量子XY链中
Giant bubbles of Fisher zeros in the quantum XY chain
AI总结：
该研究通过复值逆温度和配分函数方法，揭示了量子XY链中费舍尔零点的巨大气泡与能隙行为的关系，为理解强关联多体系统中的非传统能隙行为提供了新视角。
摘要：
我们展示了一种基于复值逆温度和配分函数的替代方法，用于探测具有非平凡谱和动力学的量子物质相。它利用热场动力学（TFD）来定量表征量子和热波动，并利用低能激发与费舍尔零点之间的对应关系。使用外部场中的量子XY链作为测试平台，我们表明振荡的能隙行为表现为TFD谱形式因子的长时动力学振荡。我们还识别出费舍尔零点附近的大规模闭合线，即巨大气泡，在无能隙XX极限附近。它们提供了一个特征能量尺度，似乎与低能理论对无特征黎格纳液体的预测相矛盾。我们确定了这个能量尺度，并将这些巨大气泡的运动与外部场变化联系起来，与从高能到低能的谱权重转移相关。费舍尔零点、动力学和激发之间的深刻联系为理解强相关多体系统中的非常规能隙行为开辟了有前景的途径。
英文摘要：
We demonstrate an alternative approach based on a complex-valued inverse temperature and partition function to probe quantum phases of matter with nontrivial spectra and dynamics. It leverages thermofield dynamics (TFD) to quantitatively characterize quantum and thermal fluctuations, and exploit the correspondence between low-energy excitations and Fisher zeros. Using the quantum XY chain in an external field as a testbed, we show that the oscillatory gap behavior manifests as oscillations in the long-time dynamics of the TFD spectral form factor. We also identify giant bubbles, i.e. large-scale closed lines, of Fisher zeros near the gapless XX limit. They provide a characteristic energy scale that seems to contradict the predictions of the low energy theory of a featureless Luttinger liquid. We identify this energy scale and relate the motion of these giant bubbles with varying external field to the transfer of spectral weight from high to low energies. The deep connection between Fisher zeros, dynamics, and excitations opens up promising avenues for understanding the unconventional gap behaviors in strongly correlated many-body systems.
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