非平衡级联动力学中的涌现平衡态产量
Emergent equilibrium-like yields from nonequilibrium cascade dynamics
AI总结：
研究非平衡级联动力学中涌现的平衡态产量，揭示非马尔可夫记忆效应与简化速率描述有效性的判据。
摘要：
我们研究了一种非平衡级联过程，其中脆弱的束缚或相干结构是通过中间状态形成，而非直接平衡。受相对论重离子碰撞中轻核产生和宇宙学中玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的启发，我们利用Schwinger-Keldysh实时间形式主义分析此类过程。我们展示，通常使用的速率方程可以被理解为一种受控的马尔可夫近似，该近似通过在底层多组分非平衡动力学中积分出中间储存器获得。当保留这些储存器的有限寿命时，非马尔可夫记忆效应自然出现，导致延迟且历史依赖的形成动力学。相关的记忆时间提供了远离平衡的简化速率描述有效性的定量判据。
英文摘要：
We study nonequilibrium cascades in which fragile bound or coherent structures are formed through intermediate states rather than by direct equilibration. Motivated by light-nuclei production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions and by Bose--Einstein condensation in cosmological settings, we analyze such processes within the Schwinger--Keldysh real-time formalism. We show that commonly used rate equations can be understood as a controlled Markovian approximation obtained by integrating out intermediate reservoirs in an underlying multi-component nonequilibrium dynamics. When the finite lifetime of these reservoirs is retained, non-Markovian memory effects naturally appear, leading to delayed and history-dependent formation dynamics. The associated memory time provides a quantitative criterion for the validity of reduced, rate-based descriptions far from equilibrium.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
