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arXiv 2602.03199physics.optics
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液相高次谐波生成中的量子轨迹分离与阿秒成像

Quantum Trajectory Separation and Attosecond Mapping in Liquid High-Harmonic Generation

Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology(华中科技大学光电国家实验室和物理学院);School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences(中国地质大学数学与物理学院);Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology(武汉工程大学湖北省光学信息与模式识别重点实验室)

Wanchen Tao, Ruisi Zhang, Qihe Guo, Lixin He, Tao-Yuan Du, Xingdong Guan, Pengfei Lan, Peixiang Lu

AI总结:

本研究通过实验揭示液相HHG中多个量子轨迹的存在,并展示了轨迹解析的能量-时间映射,为阿秒分辨光谱研究提供了新基础。

摘要:

液相高次谐波生成(HHG)提供了一种在化学复杂且无序环境中实现阿秒光谱的潜在途径,但仍然存在基本问题尚未解决:液相谐波发射是否能保持良好的阿秒同步,以及在强无序和散射条件下,谐波发射是否能同时包含多个具有不同跃迁时间的量子轨迹贡献。在此,我们通过解析液相HHG中轨迹依赖的时序结构来解决这些问题。通过优化激光聚焦几何结构,我们实现了短轨迹和长轨迹贡献的清晰空间区分,提供了直接证据证明液相中存在多个量子轨迹。利用相控双色驱动场,我们独立地检索了每个轨迹相关的阿秒手性,并展示了短轨迹和长轨迹的相反能量-时间相关性,建立了液相HHG中的轨迹解析能量-时间映射。所有观测结果均能被半经典重叠模拟良好再现。这些结果将液相HHG置于与气体和固体相HHG相同的概念基础上,并为在液相环境中实现超快电子和化学动力学的阿秒分辨光谱提供了稳健的基础。

英文摘要:

High-harmonic generation (HHG) from liquids offers a potential pathway to attosecond spectroscopy in chemically complex and disordered environments, yet fundamental questions remain open: whether liquid harmonic emission preserves well-defined attosecond synchronization, and whether harmonic emission can involve simultaneous contributions from multiple quantum trajectories with distinct excursion times despite strong disorder and scattering. Here, we address these issues experimentally by resolving the trajectory-dependent temporal structure of liquid HHG. By optimizing the laser focusing geometry, we achieve clear spatial discrimination of short- and long-trajectory contributions, providing direct evidence for the existence of multiple quantum trajectories in liquids. Using a phase-controlled two-color driving field, we independently retrieve the attochirp associated with each trajectory and demonstrate opposite energy-time correlations for short and long trajectories, establishing a trajectory-resolved energy-time mapping in liquid HHG. All observations are well reproduced by semiclassical recollision simulations. These results place liquid HHG on the same conceptual footing as gas- and solid-phase HHG and establish a robust foundation for attosecond-resolved spectroscopy of ultrafast electronic and chemical dynamics in liquid environments.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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