费米圈和聚变过程中的平滑性和壳上近似修正
Corrections to the Smoothness and On-Shell Approximations in Femtoscopy and Coalescence
AI总结：
本文提出了一种用于费米圈和聚变过程的修正方法，通过模型无关的展开式量化了平滑性和壳上近似的修正，适用于任意源和最终态相互作用。
摘要：
相对论重离子碰撞产生费米米级的源，其时空结构可以通过两粒子费米圈相关性来约束。标准实现依赖于平滑性和壳上近似，这些近似有效地去除了粒子发射函数的相对动量依赖性。我们通过推导模型无关的展开式来探索这些近似的有效性，这些展开式量化了任意源和最终态相互作用下的费米圈和聚变的主导修正。所得的一阶和二阶修正项可以以与通常Koonin-Pratt表达式几乎相同的数值复杂度进行评估；对于角度平均相关性，一阶贡献因对称性而消失。我们通过显式计算在爆波源模型中展示了该框架。对于代表pp和PbPb拟合在LHC能量下的参数集，修正幅度在pp相关性和氘聚变中均在百分比级别以下。
英文摘要：
Relativistic heavy-ion collisions produce femtometer-scale sources whose space-time structure can be constrained using two-particle femtoscopic correlations. Standard implementations rely on the smoothness and on-shell approximations, which effectively remove the relative momentum dependence of the particle emission function. We explore the validity of these approximations by deriving model-independent expansions that quantify the leading corrections for femtoscopy and coalescence with arbitrary sources and final-state interactions. The resulting first- and second-order correction terms can be evaluated with essentially the same numerical complexity as the usual Koonin-Pratt expressions; for angle-averaged correlations the first-order contributions vanish by symmetry. We illustrate the framework with explicit calculations in a blast-wave source model; for blast-wave parameter sets representative of pp and PbPb fits at LHC energies, the corrections are at or below the percent level for pp correlations and deuteron coalescence. These corrections are potentially subdominant compared to other effects, for example, corrections to the equal time approximation.
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