流诱导弯曲响应流变仪用于测量微米棒的黏弹性弯曲
Flow-induced bending response rheometer to measure viscoelastic bending of microrods
AI总结：
本文提出一种流诱导弯曲响应流变仪，用于测量微米棒的黏弹性弯曲模量和特性，适用于多种微尺度材料的机械性能表征。
摘要：
软的微米尺度水凝胶纤维和棒在组织工程、柔性电子、软机器人、药物递送、传感器等领域具有重要作用。其黏弹性机械性能对功能至关重要，但难以表征。本文提出一种流诱导弯曲响应（FIBR）流变仪，通过玻璃毛细管中的流体流动来量化小、湿润纤维和棒的弯曲模量和黏弹性特性。纤维置于毛细管入口处，压力驱动的受控水流施加可量化力于样品。纤维偏移通过同时获得的视频显微镜图像确定。本文开发了分析模型以解析施加于棒上的流体动力学力，并利用欧拉-伯努利梁理论确定其材料特性。使用恒定体积的水流速率可测量稳态棒偏移，从而确定弯曲模量。对棒施加黏性力的分步、循环或振荡方式可测量时间依赖响应、蠕变恢复、黏弹性模量等特性。本文在自然和合成材料上展示了该技术的多功能性，涵盖直径从5到300微米和弹性模量从100帕到>100兆帕的范围。由于该技术使用水对纤维施加力，它特别适用于含水材料，如水凝胶和生物纤维，提供了一个多功能平台来表征微尺度结构的机械性能。
英文摘要：
Soft, microscale hydrogel fibers and rods play important roles in tissue engineering, flexible electronics, soft robotics, drug delivery, sensors, and other applications. Their viscoelastic mechanical properties, while critical for their function, can be challenging to characterize. We present a flow-induced bending response (FIBR) rheometer that quantifies the bending modulus and viscoelastic properties of small, hydrated fibers and rods using flow through a glass capillary. The fiber is positioned across the capillary entrance, and pressure-driven, controlled inflow of water exerts a quantifiable force on the sample. Fiber deflection is determined by video microscopy obtained simultaneously with measurements of flow rate. We develop an analytical model to resolve the hydrodynamic forces applied to the rod, and use Euler-Bernoulli beam theory to determine its material properties. Using a constant volume flow rate of water enables measurement of steady rod deflection, and thus the bending modulus. Application of viscous forces to the rod in a stepwise, cyclic or oscillatory manner enables measurement of time-dependent responses, creep recovery, viscoelastic moduli, and other properties. We demonstrate the versatility of this technique on natural and synthetic materials spanning diameters from 5 to 300 microns and elastic moduli ranging from 100 Pa to >100 MPa. Because the technique uses water to exert forces on the fiber, it works particularly well for hydrated materials, such as hydrogels and biological fibers, providing a versatile platform to characterize microscale mechanical properties of elongated structures.
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