量子涡旋通道作为约瑟夫森结
Quantum vortex channels as Josephson junctions
AI总结：
该研究通过量子涡旋通道实现约瑟夫森结，利用涡旋自诱导弱连接，调控超流传输与约瑟夫森隧道效应。
摘要：
在量子气体中，弱连接通常通过外部施加的光学势来实现。我们展示，在旋转的二元超流体中，一个组分中的量化解涡形成空心通道，这些通道作为自诱导的弱连接，使另一组分能够通过原本不可穿透的、相分离的区域。这引入了一种新的屏障机制：量子压力在涡旋通道内产生一个有效的屏障，由通道的狭窄宽度决定，从而控制超流。调节物种间相互作用强度可使传输从流体动力学传输过渡到约瑟夫森隧道传输。长程偶极相互作用进一步调节弱连接特性，使短连接和两个串联的结成为可能。电路模型定量地捕捉了这两种配置的直流电流-相位关系。这些结果确立了涡旋作为可重新配置、受相互作用控制的约瑟夫森元件在超流体中的地位。
英文摘要：
In quantum gases, weak links are typically realized with externally imposed optical potentials. We show that, in rotating binary condensates, quantized vortices in one component form hollow channels that act as self-induced weak links for the other, enabling superflow through otherwise impenetrable, phase-separated domains. This introduces a novel barrier mechanism: quantum pressure creates an effective barrier inside the vortex channel, set by the constriction width, which controls the superflow. Tuning the interspecies interaction strength drives a crossover from the hydrodynamic transport to Josephson tunneling regime. Long-range dipolar interactions further tune the weak-link properties, enabling both short links and two coupled junctions in series. Circuit models quantitatively capture the dc current-phase relations for both configurations. These results establish vortices as reconfigurable, interaction-controlled Josephson elements in superfluids.
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