arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 2602.01644cs.LGcs.AIcs.CVcs.MAcs.RO
收藏

从感知到行动:空间AI代理与世界模型

From Perception to Action: Spatial AI Agents and World Models

AtlasPro AI

Gloria Felicia, Nolan Bryant, Handi Putra, Ayaan Gazali, Eliel Lobo, Esteban Rojas

AI总结:

本文提出了一种统一的三轴分类法,将代理能力与空间任务联系起来,强调空间定位与符号定位的区别,并指出世界模型对跨尺度安全部署的重要性。

摘要:

尽管大语言模型已成为代理推理和规划的主流方法,但其在符号领域中的成功并不能轻易地转化为物理世界。空间智能,即感知3D结构、推理物体关系并在物理约束下行动的能力,是一种独立的能力,对具身代理至关重要。现有的调查要么针对代理架构,要么针对空间领域孤立地进行。没有提供一个将这些互补能力联系起来的统一框架。本文填补了这一空白。通过全面回顾超过2000篇论文,引用742篇来自顶级会议的论文,我们介绍了一个统一的三轴分类法,将代理能力与跨尺度的空间任务联系起来。关键的是,我们区分了空间定位(几何和物理的度量理解)与符号定位(将图像与文本关联),并论证了感知本身并不足以赋予代理能力。我们的分析揭示了三个关键发现,对应于这些轴:(1)分层记忆系统(能力轴)对于长时间空间任务很重要。(2)图神经网络-大语言模型整合(任务轴)是结构化空间推理的一种有前途的方法。(3)世界模型(尺度轴)对于在微观到宏观空间尺度上安全部署至关重要。我们最后识别了六个重大挑战,并概述了未来研究的方向,包括对统一评估框架的需求,以标准化跨领域评估。这一分类法为统一碎片化的研究努力并使机器人、自动驾驶车辆和地理空间智能中的下一代空间感知自主系统成为可能提供了基础。

英文摘要:

While large language models have become the prevailing approach for agentic reasoning and planning, their success in symbolic domains does not readily translate to the physical world. Spatial intelligence, the ability to perceive 3D structure, reason about object relationships, and act under physical constraints, is an orthogonal capability that proves important for embodied agents. Existing surveys address either agentic architectures or spatial domains in isolation. None provide a unified framework connecting these complementary capabilities. This paper bridges that gap. Through a thorough review of over 2,000 papers, citing 742 works from top-tier venues, we introduce a unified three-axis taxonomy connecting agentic capabilities with spatial tasks across scales. Crucially, we distinguish spatial grounding (metric understanding of geometry and physics) from symbolic grounding (associating images with text), arguing that perception alone does not confer agency. Our analysis reveals three key findings mapped to these axes: (1) hierarchical memory systems (Capability axis) are important for long-horizon spatial tasks. (2) GNN-LLM integration (Task axis) is a promising approach for structured spatial reasoning. (3) World models (Scale axis) are essential for safe deployment across micro-to-macro spatial scales. We conclude by identifying six grand challenges and outlining directions for future research, including the need for unified evaluation frameworks to standardize cross-domain assessment. This taxonomy provides a foundation for unifying fragmented research efforts and enabling the next generation of spatially-aware autonomous systems in robotics, autonomous vehicles, and geospatial intelligence.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑