arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2602.01598cs.CL

苏格拉底式探究的艺术:一种主动模板引导治疗对话生成的框架

The Art of Socratic Inquiry: A Framework for Proactive Template-Guided Therapeutic Conversation Generation

School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University(信息科学与工程学院,兰州大学);School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology(医学技术学院,北京理工大学)

Mingwen Zhang, Minqiang Yang, Changsheng Ma, Yang Yu, Hui Bai, Chen Xu, Xiangzhen Kong, Bin Hu

AI总结:

本文提出Socratic Inquiry Framework,通过策略锚定和模板检索分离提问时机与内容,提升LLMs的主动提问能力,推动心理引导型大语言模型的发展。

摘要:

主动提问,即治疗师有意识地发起结构化的、引导认知的提问,是认知行为疗法(CBT)的基石。然而,当前的心理学大语言模型(LLMs)仍然普遍处于被动反应状态, 默认转向富有同理心但表面的回应,无法揭示潜在的信念或引导行为改变。为了弥合这一差距,我们提出了苏格拉底探究框架(SIF),一个轻量级、即插即用的治疗意图规划器,将LLMs从被动听众转变为积极的认知引导者。SIF将“何时提问”(通过策略锚定)与“提问什么”(通过模板检索)分离,使情境感知、理论指导的提问成为可能,而无需端到端再训练。此外,我们引入了苏格拉底问答(Socratic-QA),一个高质量的策略对齐的苏格拉底序列数据集,为主动推理提供明确的监督。实验表明,SIF显著提高了主动提问的频率、对话深度和治疗契合度,标志着从被动舒适到主动探索的明显转变。我们的工作为心理引导的LLMs建立了一个新的范式:不仅响应,还要引导。

英文摘要:

Proactive questioning, where therapists deliberately initiate structured, cognition-guiding inquiries, is a cornerstone of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Yet, current psychological large language models (LLMs) remain overwhelmingly reactive, defaulting to empathetic but superficial responses that fail to surface latent beliefs or guide behavioral change. To bridge this gap, we propose the \textbf{Socratic Inquiry Framework (SIF)}, a lightweight, plug-and-play therapeutic intent planner that transforms LLMs from passive listeners into active cognitive guides. SIF decouples \textbf{when to ask} (via Strategy Anchoring) from \textbf{what to ask} (via Template Retrieval), enabling context-aware, theory-grounded questioning without end-to-end retraining. Complementing SIF, we introduce \textbf{Socratic-QA}, a high-quality dataset of strategy-aligned Socratic sequences that provides explicit supervision for proactive reasoning. Experiments show that SIF significantly enhances proactive questioning frequency, conversational depth, and therapeutic alignment, marking a clear shift from reactive comfort to proactive exploration. Our work establishes a new paradigm for psychologically informed LLMs: not just to respond, but to guide.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑