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arXiv 2602.01343astro-ph.COhep-ph
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暴胀期间重粒子共振产生及其引力波特征

Heavy-particle production during inflation and its gravitational-wave signal

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学);Korea Institute for Advanced Study(韩国高等科学技术院)

Qi Chen, Yuan Yin

AI总结:

研究通过共振机制在暴胀期间产生重粒子,并探讨其引力波特征及暗物质与引力波观测的关联。

摘要:

我们表明,一个二次$U(1)$破缺项,加上由标量场与$U(1)$电流之间的五维导数耦合诱导的有效化学势,可以在暴胀期间驱动高效的粒子产生,即使$U(1)$场的质量大于哈勃尺度。值得注意的是,化学势使得即使$U(1)$破缺质量小于有效对角质量时,也能实现高效的粒子产生。我们计算了该机制在暴胀期间产生的引力波信号,推导出原初张量谱,并将其映射到现今的能量密度$Ω_{\mathrm{GW}}(f)$。假设$U(1)$场是暗物质的主要组成部分,这种映射确定了特征频率,我们将其与现有和计划中的引力波天文台的预期灵敏度曲线进行比较。最后,我们论证了相同的动态过程还会伴随宇宙对撞机信号,为该框架提供了独立的交叉验证。

英文摘要:

We study a mechanism for producing heavy particles during inflation through a transient quadratic $U(1)$-breaking interaction of a complex scalar coupled derivatively to the inflaton. The rolling inflaton induces an effective chemical potential, while sufficiently strong symmetry breaking creates a tachyonic instability that amplifies the scalar fluctuations. The finite duration of the instability limits their growth, allowing efficient production of particles heavier than the Hubble scale in regimes where homogeneous backreaction remains small. The amplified fluctuations source a peaked gravitational-wave spectrum through their anisotropic stress. We calculate this spectrum by following the full time evolution of the source. For suitable parameters and production times, our idealized forecasts suggest that the signal could be observable with LISA, subject to the assumed switching profile and reheating history.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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