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arXiv 2602.01098astro-ph.GAastro-ph.IM
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统一早型星系的动力学分类:IllustrisTNG与观测中的运动学缺陷

Unifying the dynamical classification of early-type galaxies: kinematic deficits in IllustrisTNG versus observations

Xiamen University(厦门大学);University of Durham(杜伦大学);Westlake University(西湖大学)

Wenyu Zhong, Min Du, Shengdong Lu, Yunpeng Jin, Kai Zhu

AI总结:

本文通过比较 IllustrisTNG 模拟与观测数据,提出新的动力学分类阈值,揭示模拟中缺乏快速旋转星系的现象,并提出新的方法估算恒星晕质量分数。

摘要:

我们利用IllustrisTNG模拟和积分场光谱(IFS)观测进行 galaxy 动力学的比较分析。我们从 TNG100 模拟中识别出 2342 个早型星系(ETGs),从 TNG50 模拟中识别出 236 个 ETGs,并将其与 MaNGA 和 ATLAS$^{3D}$ 的观测进行比较。对于这些系统,我们测量了关键的动力学参数:内在自转参数 $λ_{R,\mathrm{intr}}$(测量边缘面)、圆柱形旋转能量分数 $κ_{\mathrm{rot}}$,以及结构质量比,包括球状星团质量分数 $f_{\mathrm{spheroid}}$ 和恒星晕质量分数 $f_{\mathrm{halo}}$。我们的研究发现,标准分类器——$λ_{R}(R_e)=0.31\sqrt{\varepsilon}$ 关系和 $\overline{k_5}$ 系数(速度场的高阶傅里叶项)——无法与观测到的动力学双峰现象对齐。我们提出了修订的阈值:$λ_{R,\mathrm{intr}} \sim 0.4$,$κ_{\mathrm{rot}} \sim 0.5$,和 $f_{\mathrm{spheroid}} \sim 0.6$,这些分类将星系分为旋转主导(快速旋转者)和随机运动主导(慢速旋转者)。TNG 的缩放关系使观测估计 $κ_{\mathrm{rot}}$ 和 $f_{\mathrm{spheroid}}$ 变得可能。模拟显示出双峰缺失,特征是缺乏快速旋转者和抑制 $λ_{R,\mathrm{intr}}$,归因于过多具有中间旋转和高球状星团/恒星晕质量的星系。我们引入了一种新的方法从 IFS 动力学估计 $f_{\mathrm{halo}}$,尽管存在不确定性。

英文摘要:

We conduct a comparative analysis of galaxy kinematics using IllustrisTNG simulations and integral-field spectroscopy (IFS) observations. We identify 2,342 early-type galaxies (ETGs) from the TNG100 simulation and 236 ETGs from the TNG50 simulation, comparing them with observations from MaNGA and ATLAS$^{3D}$. For these systems, we measure key kinematic parameters: the intrinsic spin parameter $λ_{R,\mathrm{intr}}$ (measured edge-on), the cylindrical rotational energy fraction $κ_{\mathrm{rot}}$, and structural mass ratios including the spheroid mass fraction $f_{\mathrm{spheroid}}$ and stellar halo mass fraction $f_{\mathrm{halo}}$. Our study reveals that standard classifiers--the $λ_{R}(R_e)=0.31\sqrt{\varepsilon}$ relation and $\overline{k_5}$ coefficient (higher-order Fourier term of velocity fields)--fail to align with observed kinematic bimodality. We propose revised thresholds: $λ_{R,\mathrm{intr}} \sim 0.4$, $κ_{\mathrm{rot}} \sim 0.5$, and $f_{\mathrm{spheroid}} \sim 0.6$, which classify galaxies into rotation-dominated (fast rotators) and random motion-dominated (slow rotators). Scaling relations from TNG enable observational estimates of $κ_{\mathrm{rot}}$ and $f_{\mathrm{spheroid}}$. The simulations exhibit a bimodality deficit, characterized by a lack of fast rotators and suppressed $λ_{R,\mathrm{intr}}$, attributed to excess galaxies with intermediate rotation and high spheroid/stellar halo mass. We introduce a novel method to estimate $f_{\mathrm{halo}}$ from IFS kinematics, though uncertainties remain.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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