GBD-DART-I：130 MHz至350 MHz频段的脉冲星和暂现源观测
GBD-DART-I : Pulsars and transient source observation between 130 MHz and 350 MHz at Gauribidanur
AI总结：
GBD-DART-I 是一种用于130-350 MHz频段观测脉冲星和太阳暂现源的低成本射电望远镜，具备双极化操作和高旁瓣抑制能力，已成功探测强脉冲星和太阳耀斑，并计划未来升级以扩大观测范围。
摘要：
GBD-DART-I 是一个由64个短偶极子天线和相关接收机组成的新型小型线极化阵列天线，已在加尔比达努尔天文台（北纬13.604，东经77.427）定制开发并部署，用于研究130-350 MHz频段中的明亮脉冲星和太阳暂现源。LPDAs以棋盘布局排列，成对组合以实现双极化操作。选择菱形（倾斜正方形）阵列配置以在东西和南北方向上实现高旁瓣抑制。每个天线单元尺寸为5.9米×5.9米，对角线分别沿南北和东西方向，长度约为8.4米。具有一个菱形天线单元的LPDA阵列已完全调试并以暂现源观测模式运行，已在过去七个月内成功探测到强脉冲星和太阳耀斑。目前的数字后端限制了观测的瞬时带宽为16 MHz。阵列操作被简化以促进远程操作。除了在选定源中研究低频脉冲星和太阳现象外，这项工作还旨在通过简单构造、低成本的射电望远镜提供射电天文培训平台。在本文中，我们介绍了阵列的细节，包括天线和阵列响应研究，前端和后端仪器的简要描述，以及脉冲星和太阳耀斑观测的示例结果。它还将提供未来升级计划的简要细节，特别是天线单元和数字后端，以促进对更多源的观测。
英文摘要：
Gauribidanur Diamond Array Radio Telescope (GBD-DART) is a new small LPDA antenna array consisting of 64 short dipoles and associated receivers that has been custom developed and deployed at the Gauribidanur observatory (13.604 N, 77.427 E) to study bright Pulsars and Solar transients in the frequency range of 130-350 MHz. The LPDAs are arranged in a checkerboard layout, with opposite pairs combined to enable dual-polarised operation. A diamond-shaped (tilted square) array configuration was chosen to achieve high sidelobe suppression in the East-West and North-South directions. The tile measures 5.9 meters by 5.9 meters, with diagonals along both the North-South and East-West directions, each measuring about 8.4 meters. The LPDA array with one diamond-shaped tile has been fully commissioned and is operating in transit-observing mode, successfully detecting strong pulsars and solar flares over the last seven months. The present digital backend restricts the instantaneous bandwidth for observations to 16 MHz. The array operations are streamlined to facilitate remote operations. Apart from investigating Pulsar and Solar phenomena at low radio frequencies in selected sources, this work aims to provide a training platform for radio astronomy through simple-to-construct, low-cost radio telescopes. In this paper, we present details of the array, including antenna and array response studies, brief descriptions of front-end and backend instrumentation, and illustrative results from observations of both pulsars and solar flares. It will also provide brief details of future upgrade plans, particularly for the tiles and digital backend, to facilitate the observation of additional sources.
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