漂移-动能粒子-网格模型用于镜形陷阱中纵向等离子体约束的模拟
Drift-kinetic PIC model for simulations of longitudinal plasma confinement in mirror traps
AI总结：
本文提出一种漂移-动能粒子-网格模型，用于模拟镜形陷阱中等离子体约束，通过自洽考虑电子动力学，显著影响电子温度、电势和密度。
摘要：
本文提出了一种1D2V静电粒子-网格模型，采用漂移-动能描述所有粒子类型，旨在模拟轴对称开放陷阱中的经典纵向等离子体输运。该模型将半隐式粒子-网格方法扩展到碰撞性等离子体，并适应于完美导体壁上的边界条件，具有浮动电势。对库仑碰撞的实现被测试在双组分等离子体温度弛豫问题上，并显示与解析理论的良好一致。由于等离子体准中性不严格确定，该模型能够正确再现电势剖面直至壁面。同时，隐式粒子-网格模拟的主要优势——能够使用远大于德拜半径的网格步长——并不妨碍正确模拟壁附近电势跃变。该模型能够满意地再现已知的德拜鞘理论和波姆准则结果。在恒定粒子源存在下，镜形陷阱中静止等离子体剖面与使用混合代码MIDAS进行的模拟结果的比较表明，自洽考虑电子动力学在扩张器中导致电子温度、电势和约束等离子体密度出现明显差异（在15%的水平）
英文摘要：
The paper presents a 1D2V electrostatic PIC model with a drift-kinetic description of all particle types aiming at simulating classical longitudinal plasma transport in axially symmetric open traps. The model generalizes the semi-implicit particle-in-cell method with exact conservation of energy and charge to the case of collisional plasma and adapts it to boundary conditions on perfectly conducting walls with a floating potential. Implementation of Coulomb collisions is tested on the problem of temperature relaxation in a two-component plasma and demonstrates good agreement with the analytical theory. Since quasi-neutrality of plasma is not strictly determined, the model is able to correctly reproduce the ambipolar electric potential profile up to the walls. At the same time, the main advantage of implicit PIC simulations - the ability to use large grid steps, many times larger than the Debye radius - does not prevent the correct modeling of the near-wall electric potential jump. The model satisfactorily reproduces the known results of the Debye sheath theory and the Bohm criterion. A comparison of stationary plasma profiles formed in a mirror trap in the presence of a constant particle source with the results of simulations using the hybrid code MIDAS showed that self-consistent consideration of electron kinetics in expanders leads to noticeable (at the level of 15 %) differences in the electron temperature, potential, and density of the confined plasma.
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