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arXiv 2602.00537nucl-thhep-ph
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重离子碰撞中临界性特征的特征微态研究

Model Study of Eigen-Microstate Signatures of Criticality in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

Key Laboratory of Quark and Lepton Physics (MOE) and Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University（华中师范大学夸克与轻子物理教育部重点实验室和粒子物理研究所）；College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Guilin University of Technology（桂林理工大学物理与电子信息工程学院）；College of Physics and Technology, Guangxi Normal University（广西师范大学物理科学与技术学院）；School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology（南京信息工程大学物理与光电工程学院）；Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Yuncheng University（运城大学物理与电子工程系）；Institute for Advanced Study in Physics, Zhejiang University（浙江大学物理学高等研究中心）；School of Systems Science and Institute of Nonequilibrium Systems, Beijing Normal University（北京师范大学系统科学学院和非平衡系统研究所）

Ranran Guo, Jin Wu, Mingmei Xu, Zhiming Li, Zhengning Yin, Yufu Lin, Lizhu Chen, Yanhua Zhang, Jinghua Fu, Xiaosong Chen, Yuanfang Wu

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8 pages, 6 figures
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AI总结：

本文提出了一种基于特征微态方法（EMA）的模型研究，用于识别重离子碰撞中的临界涨落，通过事件级和粒子级替换生成特征簇状模式，并验证了最大特征值作为有效序参量的性质。

摘要：

我们对特征微态方法（EMA）在重离子碰撞中识别临界涨落的全面模型研究。利用UrQMD和两个随机基线模型，我们证明EMA对常规短程相关性不敏感，并能有效滤除非临界背景。通过事件级或粒子级替换生成CMC事件，嵌入的临界涨落会产生特征簇状的特征微态模式和增强的主特征值，事件级临界性产生更强的响应。特征微态在不同尺度上表现出相同模式，证明了特征微态捕捉了临界涨落的分形性质。特征值比率的有限尺寸标度表现出固定点行为，证实了最大特征值作为有效序参量量的性质。这些结果表明，EMA为RHIC束能扫描和未来重离子实验中的临界点搜索提供了一种稳健且背景无关的方法。

英文摘要：

We present a comprehensive model study of the eigen-microstate approach (EMA) for identifying critical fluctuations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Using UrQMD and two stochastic baseline models, we demonstrate that EMA is insensitive to conventional short-range correlations and effectively filters out non-critical backgrounds. Critical fluctuations embedded via event-level or particle-level replacement with CMC events generate characteristic cluster-like eigen-microstate patterns and enhanced leading eigenvalues, with event-level criticality producing stronger responses. The eigen microstates exhibit the same pattern across different scales, demonstrating that the fractal nature of critical fluctuations is captured by the eigen microstates. Finite-size scaling of eigenvalue ratios exhibits fixed-point behavior, confirming the largest eigenvalue as an effective order-parameter-like quantity. These results demonstrate that EMA offers a robust and background-independent method for critical-point searches in the RHIC Beam Energy Scan and future heavy-ion experiments.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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