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arXiv 2602.00219cs.CRcs.AI
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三LLM协作联邦零日入侵检测:基于语义分歧与信任感知的聚合

Tri-LLM Cooperative Federated Zero-Shot Intrusion Detection with Semantic Disagreement and Trust-Aware Aggregation

SWAT Laboratory, Polytechnique Montréal(Polytechnique Montréal SWAT 实验室);Department of Computer and Software Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal(Polytechnique Montréal 计算机与软件工程系)

Saeid Jamshidi, Omar Abdul Wahab, Foutse Khomh, Kawser Wazed Nafi

AI总结:

本文提出基于三LLM的联邦IDS框架,通过语义监督实现零日入侵检测,提升对未知攻击行为的识别能力,同时增强对异构和不可靠客户端的鲁棒性。

摘要:

联邦学习(FL)已成为在工业物理网络和物联网(IoT)网络中实现隐私保护、分布式入侵检测系统(IDS)的有效范式,其中集中式数据聚合往往由于隐私和带宽限制不可行。尽管其优势显著,但大多数现有的基于FL的IDS假设封闭集学习,缺乏对零日攻击场景中不确定性估计、语义泛化和显式建模认知模糊性的机制。此外,对异构和不可靠客户端的鲁棒性仍然是实际应用中的挑战。本文介绍了一个以语义驱动的联邦IDS框架,该框架将语言衍生的语义监督纳入联邦优化,实现了对以前未见过的攻击行为的开放集和零日入侵检测。该方法利用Tri-LLM集合(GPT-4o、DeepSeek-V3和LLaMA-3-8B)构建语义攻击原型,将分布式遥测特征与高层攻击概念对齐。跨LLM语义分歧被建模为认知不确定性用于零日风险估计,而信任感知的聚合机制则根据可靠性动态加权客户端更新。实验结果表明,在异构客户端中实现了稳定的语义对齐和一致的收敛。该框架在未见过的攻击模式上实现了超过80%的零日检测准确率,相比基于相似度的基线方法,零日辨别能力提高了超过10%,同时在存在不可靠或被入侵的客户端时保持了低的聚合不稳定性。

英文摘要:

Federated learning (FL) has become an effective paradigm for privacy-preserving, distributed Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) in cyber-physical and Internet of Things (IoT) networks, where centralized data aggregation is often infeasible due to privacy and bandwidth constraints. Despite its advantages, most existing FL-based IDS assume closed-set learning and lack mechanisms such as uncertainty estimation, semantic generalization, and explicit modeling of epistemic ambiguity in zero-day attack scenarios. Additionally, robustness to heterogeneous and unreliable clients remains a challenge in practical applications. This paper introduces a semantics-driven federated IDS framework that incorporates language-derived semantic supervision into federated optimization, enabling open-set and zero-shot intrusion detection for previously unseen attack behaviors. The approach constructs semantic attack prototypes using a Tri-LLM ensemble of GPT-4o, DeepSeek-V3, and LLaMA-3-8B, aligning distributed telemetry features with high-level attack concepts. Inter-LLM semantic disagreement is modeled as epistemic uncertainty for zero-day risk estimation, while a trust-aware aggregation mechanism dynamically weights client updates based on reliability. Experimental results show stable semantic alignment across heterogeneous clients and consistent convergence. The framework achieves over 80% zero-shot detection accuracy on unseen attack patterns, improving zero-day discrimination by more than 10% compared to similarity-based baselines, while maintaining low aggregation instability in the presence of unreliable or compromised clients.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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